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1 obculo

occŭlo ( obc-), cŭlŭi, cultum, 3 ( plup. sync. occulerat, Val. Fl. 2, 280), v. a. [obcolo], to cover, cover over (syn.: tego, condo, celo, abdo).
I.
In gen. (very rare): terra occulit caput, Enn. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 375 Müll. (Trag. v. 141 Vahl.):
virgulta multā terrā,
Verg. G. 2, 346.—
II.
In partic., to cover up, hide, conceal (class.; esp. in the P. a.; v. in the foll.):
vitia corporis fuco,
Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 118:
vulnera,
Cic. Att. 5, 15, 2:
(feminae) parietum umbris occuluntur,
are kept concealed, id. Tusc. 2, 15, 36:
hastatos,
Liv. 33, 1:
se silvā,
id. 25, 8, 5:
classem in convexo nemorum sub rupe,
Verg. A. 1, 310:
caligine terras,
Ov. M. 1, 600:
puncta argumentorum,
Cic. de Or. 2, 41, 77:
narratum ab iis,
to keep secret, conceal, Tac. A. 3, 16:
vitia,
Quint. 12, 8, 10.— Absol.:
si quis et imprudens aspexerit, occulat ille,
Tib. 1, 2, 37.—
* B.
Of burying: occultum efferre significat sub terram ferre, ponere, Paul. ex Fest. p. 205 Müll.—Hence, occultus (archaic orthogr. OQVOLTVS, S. C. Bacch.;
scanned ŏccultus,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 39; 86; id. Capt. 1, 1, 15; cf. Brix, Trin. Einleit. p. 14 Ritschl ad Plaut. Trin. l. l. ed. 2), a, um, P. a., hidden, concealed, secret (freq. and class.;
syn. abditus): hi saltem in occultis locis prostant, vos in foro ipso,
Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 21:
res occultae et penitus abditae,
Cic. N. D. 1, 19, 49:
occultiores insidiae,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 15, § 39:
occultior atque tectior cupiditas,
id. Rosc. Am. 36, 104:
si quid erit occultius et reconditum,
id. Fam. 11, 21, 5:
cum res occultissimas aperueris in lucemque protuleris,
id. Ac. 2, 19, 62:
per occultos calles,
Verg. A. 9, 383:
via,
id. ib. 3, 695:
nota,
Ov. A. A. 3, 630:
sapor,
Verg. G. 3, 397:
crescit, occulto velut arbor aevo, Fama Marcelli,
from an obscure, remote age, Hor. C. 1, 12, 45:
res,
i. e. the hidden laws of nature, Lucr. 1, 145; 424; Cic. Ac. 1, 4, 15 sq.; 2, 41, 127; id. Fin. 3, 11, 37; 4, 7, 18 al.:
occulti miranda potentia fati,
Juv. 7, 200.—
b.
Of persons, close, reserved, secret, not open:
si me astutum et occultum lubet fingere,
Cic. Fam. 3, 10, 8:
ab occultis cavendum hominibus consultisque,
Liv. 25, 16, 4; Tac. A. 6, 51.—With gen.:
occultus odii,
dissembling his hate, Tac. A. 4, 7.—
(β).
Occultus, adverbially for occulte, in secret, secretly (Tacitean):
qui ejusmodi preces occulti illuderent,
Tac. A. 3, 29; 4, 12:
patris mei amicitias non occulti ferunt,
id. ib. 4, 40.—
C.
Neutr. as subst.
1.
oc-culta, ōrum, plur., secret things or places, secrets:
servi, quibus occulta creduntur,
Cic. Cael. 23, 57:
cui fervens Aestuat occultis animus semperque tacendis,
Juv. 3, 50. —With gen.:
occulta saltuum scrutari,
Tac. A. 1, 61:
occulta conjurationis retexere,
id. ib. 15, 74:
occulta cordis,
Vulg. 1 Cor. 14, 25:
hominum,
id. Rom. 2, 16:
ab occultis meis,
from my secret sins, id. Psa. 18, 13.—
2.
Sing.: occultum, i, n., secrecy, only in adverb. phrases, in occulto; per occultum; ex occulto, in secret, secretly: SACRA IN OQVOLTOD NE QVIQVAM FECISE VELET, S. C. Bacch.: in occulto mussabant, Enn. Ann. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 144 Müll. (Ann. v. 185 Vahl.): Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 86:
stare in occulto,
Cic. Clu. 28, 78: per occultum (post-Aug.), Tac. [p. 1252] A. 6, 7; 4, 71 fin.; 5, 4; Claud. Cons. Mall. Theod. 124:
ex occulto,
from a place of concealment, secret place, Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 17:
Jugurtha ex occulto repente nostros invadit,
Sall. J. 59, 2.—Hence, secretly:
ex occulto intervenire,
Cic. Clu. 16, 47.—Hence, adv., in three forms: occultē (class.), occultō (ante-class.), and occultim (post-class.), in concealment, in secret, secretly, privately.
(α).
Form occulte:
neque id occulte fert,
does not keep it secret, makes no secret of it, does not conceal it, Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 30:
ea nunc occulte cuniculis oppugnatur,
Cic. Agr. 1, 1, 1:
proficisci,
Caes. B. C. 1, 66:
inter se constituere aliquid,
id. B. G. 7, 83:
labitur occulte,
Ov. M. 10, 519:
nec clam illud occulteque factum est,
Plin. 36, 2, 2, § 6.—
(β).
Form occulto, Afran. ap. Charis. p. 186 P. (Com. Rel. v. 295 Rib.).—
* (γ).
Form occultim:
reptare,
Sol. 4.—
b.
Comp.:
conari occultius,
Cic. Deiot. 6, 18:
erant praeterea complures paulo occultius consilii hujus participes,
Sall. C. 17, 5: Quint. 9, 4, 21.— Sup.:
quam potuit occultissime reliquas cohortes duxit,
Caes. B. C. 3, 67:
castra quam potest occultissime locat,
Liv. 9, 2; Sall. J. 91, 3;
for which maxime occulte,
Sall. J. 35, 4.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > obculo
2 occulo

occŭlo ( obc-), cŭlŭi, cultum, 3 ( plup. sync. occulerat, Val. Fl. 2, 280), v. a. [obcolo], to cover, cover over (syn.: tego, condo, celo, abdo).
I.
In gen. (very rare): terra occulit caput, Enn. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 375 Müll. (Trag. v. 141 Vahl.):
virgulta multā terrā,
Verg. G. 2, 346.—
II.
In partic., to cover up, hide, conceal (class.; esp. in the P. a.; v. in the foll.):
vitia corporis fuco,
Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 118:
vulnera,
Cic. Att. 5, 15, 2:
(feminae) parietum umbris occuluntur,
are kept concealed, id. Tusc. 2, 15, 36:
hastatos,
Liv. 33, 1:
se silvā,
id. 25, 8, 5:
classem in convexo nemorum sub rupe,
Verg. A. 1, 310:
caligine terras,
Ov. M. 1, 600:
puncta argumentorum,
Cic. de Or. 2, 41, 77:
narratum ab iis,
to keep secret, conceal, Tac. A. 3, 16:
vitia,
Quint. 12, 8, 10.— Absol.:
si quis et imprudens aspexerit, occulat ille,
Tib. 1, 2, 37.—
* B.
Of burying: occultum efferre significat sub terram ferre, ponere, Paul. ex Fest. p. 205 Müll.—Hence, occultus (archaic orthogr. OQVOLTVS, S. C. Bacch.;
scanned ŏccultus,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 39; 86; id. Capt. 1, 1, 15; cf. Brix, Trin. Einleit. p. 14 Ritschl ad Plaut. Trin. l. l. ed. 2), a, um, P. a., hidden, concealed, secret (freq. and class.;
syn. abditus): hi saltem in occultis locis prostant, vos in foro ipso,
Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 21:
res occultae et penitus abditae,
Cic. N. D. 1, 19, 49:
occultiores insidiae,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 15, § 39:
occultior atque tectior cupiditas,
id. Rosc. Am. 36, 104:
si quid erit occultius et reconditum,
id. Fam. 11, 21, 5:
cum res occultissimas aperueris in lucemque protuleris,
id. Ac. 2, 19, 62:
per occultos calles,
Verg. A. 9, 383:
via,
id. ib. 3, 695:
nota,
Ov. A. A. 3, 630:
sapor,
Verg. G. 3, 397:
crescit, occulto velut arbor aevo, Fama Marcelli,
from an obscure, remote age, Hor. C. 1, 12, 45:
res,
i. e. the hidden laws of nature, Lucr. 1, 145; 424; Cic. Ac. 1, 4, 15 sq.; 2, 41, 127; id. Fin. 3, 11, 37; 4, 7, 18 al.:
occulti miranda potentia fati,
Juv. 7, 200.—
b.
Of persons, close, reserved, secret, not open:
si me astutum et occultum lubet fingere,
Cic. Fam. 3, 10, 8:
ab occultis cavendum hominibus consultisque,
Liv. 25, 16, 4; Tac. A. 6, 51.—With gen.:
occultus odii,
dissembling his hate, Tac. A. 4, 7.—
(β).
Occultus, adverbially for occulte, in secret, secretly (Tacitean):
qui ejusmodi preces occulti illuderent,
Tac. A. 3, 29; 4, 12:
patris mei amicitias non occulti ferunt,
id. ib. 4, 40.—
C.
Neutr. as subst.
1.
oc-culta, ōrum, plur., secret things or places, secrets:
servi, quibus occulta creduntur,
Cic. Cael. 23, 57:
cui fervens Aestuat occultis animus semperque tacendis,
Juv. 3, 50. —With gen.:
occulta saltuum scrutari,
Tac. A. 1, 61:
occulta conjurationis retexere,
id. ib. 15, 74:
occulta cordis,
Vulg. 1 Cor. 14, 25:
hominum,
id. Rom. 2, 16:
ab occultis meis,
from my secret sins, id. Psa. 18, 13.—
2.
Sing.: occultum, i, n., secrecy, only in adverb. phrases, in occulto; per occultum; ex occulto, in secret, secretly: SACRA IN OQVOLTOD NE QVIQVAM FECISE VELET, S. C. Bacch.: in occulto mussabant, Enn. Ann. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 144 Müll. (Ann. v. 185 Vahl.): Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 86:
stare in occulto,
Cic. Clu. 28, 78: per occultum (post-Aug.), Tac. [p. 1252] A. 6, 7; 4, 71 fin.; 5, 4; Claud. Cons. Mall. Theod. 124:
ex occulto,
from a place of concealment, secret place, Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 17:
Jugurtha ex occulto repente nostros invadit,
Sall. J. 59, 2.—Hence, secretly:
ex occulto intervenire,
Cic. Clu. 16, 47.—Hence, adv., in three forms: occultē (class.), occultō (ante-class.), and occultim (post-class.), in concealment, in secret, secretly, privately.
(α).
Form occulte:
neque id occulte fert,
does not keep it secret, makes no secret of it, does not conceal it, Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 30:
ea nunc occulte cuniculis oppugnatur,
Cic. Agr. 1, 1, 1:
proficisci,
Caes. B. C. 1, 66:
inter se constituere aliquid,
id. B. G. 7, 83:
labitur occulte,
Ov. M. 10, 519:
nec clam illud occulteque factum est,
Plin. 36, 2, 2, § 6.—
(β).
Form occulto, Afran. ap. Charis. p. 186 P. (Com. Rel. v. 295 Rib.).—
* (γ).
Form occultim:
reptare,
Sol. 4.—
b.
Comp.:
conari occultius,
Cic. Deiot. 6, 18:
erant praeterea complures paulo occultius consilii hujus participes,
Sall. C. 17, 5: Quint. 9, 4, 21.— Sup.:
quam potuit occultissime reliquas cohortes duxit,
Caes. B. C. 3, 67:
castra quam potest occultissime locat,
Liv. 9, 2; Sall. J. 91, 3;
for which maxime occulte,
Sall. J. 35, 4.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > occulo
3 occulta

occŭlo ( obc-), cŭlŭi, cultum, 3 ( plup. sync. occulerat, Val. Fl. 2, 280), v. a. [obcolo], to cover, cover over (syn.: tego, condo, celo, abdo).
I.
In gen. (very rare): terra occulit caput, Enn. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 375 Müll. (Trag. v. 141 Vahl.):
virgulta multā terrā,
Verg. G. 2, 346.—
II.
In partic., to cover up, hide, conceal (class.; esp. in the P. a.; v. in the foll.):
vitia corporis fuco,
Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 118:
vulnera,
Cic. Att. 5, 15, 2:
(feminae) parietum umbris occuluntur,
are kept concealed, id. Tusc. 2, 15, 36:
hastatos,
Liv. 33, 1:
se silvā,
id. 25, 8, 5:
classem in convexo nemorum sub rupe,
Verg. A. 1, 310:
caligine terras,
Ov. M. 1, 600:
puncta argumentorum,
Cic. de Or. 2, 41, 77:
narratum ab iis,
to keep secret, conceal, Tac. A. 3, 16:
vitia,
Quint. 12, 8, 10.— Absol.:
si quis et imprudens aspexerit, occulat ille,
Tib. 1, 2, 37.—
* B.
Of burying: occultum efferre significat sub terram ferre, ponere, Paul. ex Fest. p. 205 Müll.—Hence, occultus (archaic orthogr. OQVOLTVS, S. C. Bacch.;
scanned ŏccultus,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 39; 86; id. Capt. 1, 1, 15; cf. Brix, Trin. Einleit. p. 14 Ritschl ad Plaut. Trin. l. l. ed. 2), a, um, P. a., hidden, concealed, secret (freq. and class.;
syn. abditus): hi saltem in occultis locis prostant, vos in foro ipso,
Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 21:
res occultae et penitus abditae,
Cic. N. D. 1, 19, 49:
occultiores insidiae,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 15, § 39:
occultior atque tectior cupiditas,
id. Rosc. Am. 36, 104:
si quid erit occultius et reconditum,
id. Fam. 11, 21, 5:
cum res occultissimas aperueris in lucemque protuleris,
id. Ac. 2, 19, 62:
per occultos calles,
Verg. A. 9, 383:
via,
id. ib. 3, 695:
nota,
Ov. A. A. 3, 630:
sapor,
Verg. G. 3, 397:
crescit, occulto velut arbor aevo, Fama Marcelli,
from an obscure, remote age, Hor. C. 1, 12, 45:
res,
i. e. the hidden laws of nature, Lucr. 1, 145; 424; Cic. Ac. 1, 4, 15 sq.; 2, 41, 127; id. Fin. 3, 11, 37; 4, 7, 18 al.:
occulti miranda potentia fati,
Juv. 7, 200.—
b.
Of persons, close, reserved, secret, not open:
si me astutum et occultum lubet fingere,
Cic. Fam. 3, 10, 8:
ab occultis cavendum hominibus consultisque,
Liv. 25, 16, 4; Tac. A. 6, 51.—With gen.:
occultus odii,
dissembling his hate, Tac. A. 4, 7.—
(β).
Occultus, adverbially for occulte, in secret, secretly (Tacitean):
qui ejusmodi preces occulti illuderent,
Tac. A. 3, 29; 4, 12:
patris mei amicitias non occulti ferunt,
id. ib. 4, 40.—
C.
Neutr. as subst.
1.
oc-culta, ōrum, plur., secret things or places, secrets:
servi, quibus occulta creduntur,
Cic. Cael. 23, 57:
cui fervens Aestuat occultis animus semperque tacendis,
Juv. 3, 50. —With gen.:
occulta saltuum scrutari,
Tac. A. 1, 61:
occulta conjurationis retexere,
id. ib. 15, 74:
occulta cordis,
Vulg. 1 Cor. 14, 25:
hominum,
id. Rom. 2, 16:
ab occultis meis,
from my secret sins, id. Psa. 18, 13.—
2.
Sing.: occultum, i, n., secrecy, only in adverb. phrases, in occulto; per occultum; ex occulto, in secret, secretly: SACRA IN OQVOLTOD NE QVIQVAM FECISE VELET, S. C. Bacch.: in occulto mussabant, Enn. Ann. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 144 Müll. (Ann. v. 185 Vahl.): Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 86:
stare in occulto,
Cic. Clu. 28, 78: per occultum (post-Aug.), Tac. [p. 1252] A. 6, 7; 4, 71 fin.; 5, 4; Claud. Cons. Mall. Theod. 124:
ex occulto,
from a place of concealment, secret place, Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 17:
Jugurtha ex occulto repente nostros invadit,
Sall. J. 59, 2.—Hence, secretly:
ex occulto intervenire,
Cic. Clu. 16, 47.—Hence, adv., in three forms: occultē (class.), occultō (ante-class.), and occultim (post-class.), in concealment, in secret, secretly, privately.
(α).
Form occulte:
neque id occulte fert,
does not keep it secret, makes no secret of it, does not conceal it, Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 30:
ea nunc occulte cuniculis oppugnatur,
Cic. Agr. 1, 1, 1:
proficisci,
Caes. B. C. 1, 66:
inter se constituere aliquid,
id. B. G. 7, 83:
labitur occulte,
Ov. M. 10, 519:
nec clam illud occulteque factum est,
Plin. 36, 2, 2, § 6.—
(β).
Form occulto, Afran. ap. Charis. p. 186 P. (Com. Rel. v. 295 Rib.).—
* (γ).
Form occultim:
reptare,
Sol. 4.—
b.
Comp.:
conari occultius,
Cic. Deiot. 6, 18:
erant praeterea complures paulo occultius consilii hujus participes,
Sall. C. 17, 5: Quint. 9, 4, 21.— Sup.:
quam potuit occultissime reliquas cohortes duxit,
Caes. B. C. 3, 67:
castra quam potest occultissime locat,
Liv. 9, 2; Sall. J. 91, 3;
for which maxime occulte,
Sall. J. 35, 4.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > occulta
4 occultim

occŭlo ( obc-), cŭlŭi, cultum, 3 ( plup. sync. occulerat, Val. Fl. 2, 280), v. a. [obcolo], to cover, cover over (syn.: tego, condo, celo, abdo).
I.
In gen. (very rare): terra occulit caput, Enn. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 375 Müll. (Trag. v. 141 Vahl.):
virgulta multā terrā,
Verg. G. 2, 346.—
II.
In partic., to cover up, hide, conceal (class.; esp. in the P. a.; v. in the foll.):
vitia corporis fuco,
Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 118:
vulnera,
Cic. Att. 5, 15, 2:
(feminae) parietum umbris occuluntur,
are kept concealed, id. Tusc. 2, 15, 36:
hastatos,
Liv. 33, 1:
se silvā,
id. 25, 8, 5:
classem in convexo nemorum sub rupe,
Verg. A. 1, 310:
caligine terras,
Ov. M. 1, 600:
puncta argumentorum,
Cic. de Or. 2, 41, 77:
narratum ab iis,
to keep secret, conceal, Tac. A. 3, 16:
vitia,
Quint. 12, 8, 10.— Absol.:
si quis et imprudens aspexerit, occulat ille,
Tib. 1, 2, 37.—
* B.
Of burying: occultum efferre significat sub terram ferre, ponere, Paul. ex Fest. p. 205 Müll.—Hence, occultus (archaic orthogr. OQVOLTVS, S. C. Bacch.;
scanned ŏccultus,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 39; 86; id. Capt. 1, 1, 15; cf. Brix, Trin. Einleit. p. 14 Ritschl ad Plaut. Trin. l. l. ed. 2), a, um, P. a., hidden, concealed, secret (freq. and class.;
syn. abditus): hi saltem in occultis locis prostant, vos in foro ipso,
Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 21:
res occultae et penitus abditae,
Cic. N. D. 1, 19, 49:
occultiores insidiae,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 15, § 39:
occultior atque tectior cupiditas,
id. Rosc. Am. 36, 104:
si quid erit occultius et reconditum,
id. Fam. 11, 21, 5:
cum res occultissimas aperueris in lucemque protuleris,
id. Ac. 2, 19, 62:
per occultos calles,
Verg. A. 9, 383:
via,
id. ib. 3, 695:
nota,
Ov. A. A. 3, 630:
sapor,
Verg. G. 3, 397:
crescit, occulto velut arbor aevo, Fama Marcelli,
from an obscure, remote age, Hor. C. 1, 12, 45:
res,
i. e. the hidden laws of nature, Lucr. 1, 145; 424; Cic. Ac. 1, 4, 15 sq.; 2, 41, 127; id. Fin. 3, 11, 37; 4, 7, 18 al.:
occulti miranda potentia fati,
Juv. 7, 200.—
b.
Of persons, close, reserved, secret, not open:
si me astutum et occultum lubet fingere,
Cic. Fam. 3, 10, 8:
ab occultis cavendum hominibus consultisque,
Liv. 25, 16, 4; Tac. A. 6, 51.—With gen.:
occultus odii,
dissembling his hate, Tac. A. 4, 7.—
(β).
Occultus, adverbially for occulte, in secret, secretly (Tacitean):
qui ejusmodi preces occulti illuderent,
Tac. A. 3, 29; 4, 12:
patris mei amicitias non occulti ferunt,
id. ib. 4, 40.—
C.
Neutr. as subst.
1.
oc-culta, ōrum, plur., secret things or places, secrets:
servi, quibus occulta creduntur,
Cic. Cael. 23, 57:
cui fervens Aestuat occultis animus semperque tacendis,
Juv. 3, 50. —With gen.:
occulta saltuum scrutari,
Tac. A. 1, 61:
occulta conjurationis retexere,
id. ib. 15, 74:
occulta cordis,
Vulg. 1 Cor. 14, 25:
hominum,
id. Rom. 2, 16:
ab occultis meis,
from my secret sins, id. Psa. 18, 13.—
2.
Sing.: occultum, i, n., secrecy, only in adverb. phrases, in occulto; per occultum; ex occulto, in secret, secretly: SACRA IN OQVOLTOD NE QVIQVAM FECISE VELET, S. C. Bacch.: in occulto mussabant, Enn. Ann. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 144 Müll. (Ann. v. 185 Vahl.): Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 86:
stare in occulto,
Cic. Clu. 28, 78: per occultum (post-Aug.), Tac. [p. 1252] A. 6, 7; 4, 71 fin.; 5, 4; Claud. Cons. Mall. Theod. 124:
ex occulto,
from a place of concealment, secret place, Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 17:
Jugurtha ex occulto repente nostros invadit,
Sall. J. 59, 2.—Hence, secretly:
ex occulto intervenire,
Cic. Clu. 16, 47.—Hence, adv., in three forms: occultē (class.), occultō (ante-class.), and occultim (post-class.), in concealment, in secret, secretly, privately.
(α).
Form occulte:
neque id occulte fert,
does not keep it secret, makes no secret of it, does not conceal it, Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 30:
ea nunc occulte cuniculis oppugnatur,
Cic. Agr. 1, 1, 1:
proficisci,
Caes. B. C. 1, 66:
inter se constituere aliquid,
id. B. G. 7, 83:
labitur occulte,
Ov. M. 10, 519:
nec clam illud occulteque factum est,
Plin. 36, 2, 2, § 6.—
(β).
Form occulto, Afran. ap. Charis. p. 186 P. (Com. Rel. v. 295 Rib.).—
* (γ).
Form occultim:
reptare,
Sol. 4.—
b.
Comp.:
conari occultius,
Cic. Deiot. 6, 18:
erant praeterea complures paulo occultius consilii hujus participes,
Sall. C. 17, 5: Quint. 9, 4, 21.— Sup.:
quam potuit occultissime reliquas cohortes duxit,
Caes. B. C. 3, 67:
castra quam potest occultissime locat,
Liv. 9, 2; Sall. J. 91, 3;
for which maxime occulte,
Sall. J. 35, 4.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > occultim
5 occultum

occŭlo ( obc-), cŭlŭi, cultum, 3 ( plup. sync. occulerat, Val. Fl. 2, 280), v. a. [obcolo], to cover, cover over (syn.: tego, condo, celo, abdo).
I.
In gen. (very rare): terra occulit caput, Enn. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 375 Müll. (Trag. v. 141 Vahl.):
virgulta multā terrā,
Verg. G. 2, 346.—
II.
In partic., to cover up, hide, conceal (class.; esp. in the P. a.; v. in the foll.):
vitia corporis fuco,
Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 118:
vulnera,
Cic. Att. 5, 15, 2:
(feminae) parietum umbris occuluntur,
are kept concealed, id. Tusc. 2, 15, 36:
hastatos,
Liv. 33, 1:
se silvā,
id. 25, 8, 5:
classem in convexo nemorum sub rupe,
Verg. A. 1, 310:
caligine terras,
Ov. M. 1, 600:
puncta argumentorum,
Cic. de Or. 2, 41, 77:
narratum ab iis,
to keep secret, conceal, Tac. A. 3, 16:
vitia,
Quint. 12, 8, 10.— Absol.:
si quis et imprudens aspexerit, occulat ille,
Tib. 1, 2, 37.—
* B.
Of burying: occultum efferre significat sub terram ferre, ponere, Paul. ex Fest. p. 205 Müll.—Hence, occultus (archaic orthogr. OQVOLTVS, S. C. Bacch.;
scanned ŏccultus,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 39; 86; id. Capt. 1, 1, 15; cf. Brix, Trin. Einleit. p. 14 Ritschl ad Plaut. Trin. l. l. ed. 2), a, um, P. a., hidden, concealed, secret (freq. and class.;
syn. abditus): hi saltem in occultis locis prostant, vos in foro ipso,
Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 21:
res occultae et penitus abditae,
Cic. N. D. 1, 19, 49:
occultiores insidiae,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 15, § 39:
occultior atque tectior cupiditas,
id. Rosc. Am. 36, 104:
si quid erit occultius et reconditum,
id. Fam. 11, 21, 5:
cum res occultissimas aperueris in lucemque protuleris,
id. Ac. 2, 19, 62:
per occultos calles,
Verg. A. 9, 383:
via,
id. ib. 3, 695:
nota,
Ov. A. A. 3, 630:
sapor,
Verg. G. 3, 397:
crescit, occulto velut arbor aevo, Fama Marcelli,
from an obscure, remote age, Hor. C. 1, 12, 45:
res,
i. e. the hidden laws of nature, Lucr. 1, 145; 424; Cic. Ac. 1, 4, 15 sq.; 2, 41, 127; id. Fin. 3, 11, 37; 4, 7, 18 al.:
occulti miranda potentia fati,
Juv. 7, 200.—
b.
Of persons, close, reserved, secret, not open:
si me astutum et occultum lubet fingere,
Cic. Fam. 3, 10, 8:
ab occultis cavendum hominibus consultisque,
Liv. 25, 16, 4; Tac. A. 6, 51.—With gen.:
occultus odii,
dissembling his hate, Tac. A. 4, 7.—
(β).
Occultus, adverbially for occulte, in secret, secretly (Tacitean):
qui ejusmodi preces occulti illuderent,
Tac. A. 3, 29; 4, 12:
patris mei amicitias non occulti ferunt,
id. ib. 4, 40.—
C.
Neutr. as subst.
1.
oc-culta, ōrum, plur., secret things or places, secrets:
servi, quibus occulta creduntur,
Cic. Cael. 23, 57:
cui fervens Aestuat occultis animus semperque tacendis,
Juv. 3, 50. —With gen.:
occulta saltuum scrutari,
Tac. A. 1, 61:
occulta conjurationis retexere,
id. ib. 15, 74:
occulta cordis,
Vulg. 1 Cor. 14, 25:
hominum,
id. Rom. 2, 16:
ab occultis meis,
from my secret sins, id. Psa. 18, 13.—
2.
Sing.: occultum, i, n., secrecy, only in adverb. phrases, in occulto; per occultum; ex occulto, in secret, secretly: SACRA IN OQVOLTOD NE QVIQVAM FECISE VELET, S. C. Bacch.: in occulto mussabant, Enn. Ann. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 144 Müll. (Ann. v. 185 Vahl.): Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 86:
stare in occulto,
Cic. Clu. 28, 78: per occultum (post-Aug.), Tac. [p. 1252] A. 6, 7; 4, 71 fin.; 5, 4; Claud. Cons. Mall. Theod. 124:
ex occulto,
from a place of concealment, secret place, Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 17:
Jugurtha ex occulto repente nostros invadit,
Sall. J. 59, 2.—Hence, secretly:
ex occulto intervenire,
Cic. Clu. 16, 47.—Hence, adv., in three forms: occultē (class.), occultō (ante-class.), and occultim (post-class.), in concealment, in secret, secretly, privately.
(α).
Form occulte:
neque id occulte fert,
does not keep it secret, makes no secret of it, does not conceal it, Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 30:
ea nunc occulte cuniculis oppugnatur,
Cic. Agr. 1, 1, 1:
proficisci,
Caes. B. C. 1, 66:
inter se constituere aliquid,
id. B. G. 7, 83:
labitur occulte,
Ov. M. 10, 519:
nec clam illud occulteque factum est,
Plin. 36, 2, 2, § 6.—
(β).
Form occulto, Afran. ap. Charis. p. 186 P. (Com. Rel. v. 295 Rib.).—
* (γ).
Form occultim:
reptare,
Sol. 4.—
b.
Comp.:
conari occultius,
Cic. Deiot. 6, 18:
erant praeterea complures paulo occultius consilii hujus participes,
Sall. C. 17, 5: Quint. 9, 4, 21.— Sup.:
quam potuit occultissime reliquas cohortes duxit,
Caes. B. C. 3, 67:
castra quam potest occultissime locat,
Liv. 9, 2; Sall. J. 91, 3;
for which maxime occulte,
Sall. J. 35, 4.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > occultum
6 дистанционная информация

remote information

информация о — information on

бит информации — information bit

век информации — information age

информация ОС — back information

квант информации — information bit

Русско-английский большой базовый словарь > дистанционная информация
7 дълбок

1. deep

дълбок един метър one metre deep. one metre in depth

снегът е дълбок едни метър the snow is one metre high/in depth

дълбока оран deep ploughing

дълбок печат deep copper print

дълбока чиния soup-plate

дълбоко порязване a deep/nasty cut

дълбоки очи deep-set eyes

с дълбоки корени deep-rooted

2. прен. (който прониква дълбоко) penetrating, penetrative

дълбок поглед a penetrating glance

прен. deep insight (into)

(за познание) deep

(за чувство, настроение) deep, profound, great, deep-seated/-rooted

дълбоко презрение profound contempt

дълбоко предубеждение a deep-rooted prejudice

дълбоко убеждение a deep seated/a profound conviction

дълбоко възмущение strong/great indignation

дълбоко разкаяние bitter remorse

дълбока скръб/печал deep sorrow/grief

дълбока умраза a deep-seated hatred

(за мъдрост, смисъл) profound, very great

(за ум) penetrating

(за книга) thoughtful. pregnant with meaning

(за причина) deep lying; underlying, ultimate

(за тайна) dead

(за невежество) complete, utter, profound

(за сън) deep. sound, profound

(за тишина) profound

(за тъмнина) dense

(за въздишка) deep (-drawn), heavy

(за глас) deep, bass

(за поклон) deep, low

дълбока древност high/hoary antiquity, remote past

дълбока старост extreme/good old age

до дълбока старост to a ripe old age

дълбока резерва an emergency stock

дълбока нощ the dead/stillness/silence of night

дълбока зима the midst of winter, midwinter

оставям дълбоки следи leave lasting traces; leave o.'s mark

leave a deep impression, put a deep imprint (в on)

в дълбоката провинция in the depth of the country, deep in the country, at the back of beyond

ако ще се давиш, в дълбока вода да се давиш as well be hanged for a sheep as for a lamb

* * *

дълбо̀к,

прил.

1. deep; (за чувство, настроение) heart-felt; \дълбок един метър one metre deep, one metre in depth; \дълбок печат deep copper print; \дълбока чиния soup-plate; \дълбоки очи deep-set eyes; \дълбоко порязване a deep/nasty cut; с \дълбоки корени deep-rooted; снегът е \дълбок един метър the snow is one metre high/in depth;

2. прен. ( който прониква дълбоко) penetrating, penetrative; \дълбок поглед a penetrating glance; прен. deep insight (into); (за познание) deep; (за чувство, настроение) deep, profound, great, deep-seated/-rooted; \дълбока омраза deep-seated hatred; \дълбока скръб/печал deep sorrow/grief; \дълбоко възмущение strong/great indignation; \дълбоко предубеждение deep-rooted prejudice; \дълбоко презрение profound contempt; \дълбоко разкаяние bitter remorse; \дълбоко убеждение deep-seated/profound conviction; (за мъдрост, смисъл) profound, very great; (за ум) penetrating; (за книга) thoughtful, pregnant with meaning; (за причина) deep lying; underlying, ultimate; (за тайна) dead; (за невежество) complete, utter, profound; (за сън) deep, sound, profound; (за тишина) profound; (за тъмнина) dense; (за въздишка) deep(-drawn), heavy; (за глас) deep, bass; (за поклон) deep, low; • ако ще се давиш, в \дълбока вода да бъде as well be hanged for a sheep as for a lamb; в \дълбоката провинция in the depth of the country, deep in the country, at the back of beyond; до \дълбока старост to a ripe old age; \дълбока древност high/hoary antiquity, remote past; \дълбока зима the midst of winter, midwinter; \дълбока нощ the dead/stillness/silence of night; \дълбока резерва an emergency stock; \дълбока старост extreme/good old age; оставям \дълбоки следи leave lasting traces; leave o.’s mark; leave a deep impression, put a deep imprint (в on).

* * *

deep: one metre дълбок - дълбок един метър; penetrating ; penetrative ; rooted {`ru;tid}

* * *
1. (за въздишка) deep(-drawn), heavy 2. (за глас) deep, bass 3. (за книга) thoughtful. pregnant with meaning 4. (за мъдрост, смисъл) profound, very great 5. (за невежество) complete, utter, profound 6. (за познание) deep 7. (за поклон) deep, low 8. (за причина) deep lying;underlying, ultimate 9. (за сън) deep. sound, profound 10. (за тайна) dead 11. (за тишина) profound 12. (за тъмнина) dense 13. (за ум) penetrating 14. (за чувство, настроение) deep, profound, great, deep-seated/-rooted 15. deep 16. leave a deep impression, put a deep imprint (в on) 17. ДЪЛБОК един метър one metre deep. one metre in depth 18. ДЪЛБОК печат deep copper print 19. ДЪЛБОК поглед a penetrating glance 20. ДЪЛБОКa древност high/hoary antiquity, remote past 21. ДЪЛБОКa зима the midst of winter, midwinter 22. ДЪЛБОКa нощ the dead/stillness/silence of night 23. ДЪЛБОКa оран deep ploughing 24. ДЪЛБОКa резерва an emergency stock 25. ДЪЛБОКa скръб/печал deep sorrow/ grief 26. ДЪЛБОКa умраза a deep-seated hatred 27. ДЪЛБОКa чиния soup-plate 28. ДЪЛБОКo възмущение strong/great indignation 29. ДЪЛБОКo порязване a deep/nasty cut 30. ДЪЛБОКo предубеждение a deep-rooted prejudice 31. ДЪЛБОКo презрение profound contempt 32. ДЪЛБОКo разкаяние bitter remorse 33. ДЪЛБОКo убеждение a deep seated/a profound conviction 34. ДЪЛБОКа старост extreme/good old age 35. ДЪЛБОКи очи deep-set eyes 36. ако ще се давиш, в ДЪЛБОКа вода да се давиш as well be hanged for a sheep as for a lamb 37. в ДЪЛБОКата провинция in the depth of the country, deep in the country, at the back of beyond 38. до ДЪЛБОКa старост to a ripe old age 39. оставям ДЪЛБОКи следи leave lasting traces;leave o.'s mark 40. прен. (който прониква дълбоко) penetrating, penetrative 41. прен. deep insight (into) 42. с ДЪЛБОКи корени deep-rooted 43. снегът е ДЪЛБОК едни метър the snow is one metre high/in depth

Български-английски речник > дълбок
8 distance

distance [distɑ̃s]

feminine noun

a. ( = éloignement) distance

• parcourir de grandes distances to cover great distances

• respectez les distances (de freinage) keep your distance

• à quelle distance est la gare ? how far away is the station?

• c'est le meilleur sur cette distance [coureur] he's the fastest over this distance

• habiter à quelques kilomètres de distance to live a few kilometres away (de from)

• communication/vol longue distance long-distance call/flight

• garder ses distances to keep one's distance ( vis à vis de from)

• prendre ses distances (dans un rang) to space out ; (figurative) to stand aloof ( à l'égard de from)

• tenir la distance [coureur] to go the distance

► à distance from a distance

• tenir qn à distance to keep sb at a distance

• se tenir à distance to keep one's distance

b. ( = écart) gap

* * *
distɑ̃s
nom féminin

1) ( intervalle spatial) distance

Paris est à quelle distance de Londres? — how far is Paris from London?

à quelle distance est-ce? — how far is it?

transporter 100 passagers sur une distance de — to transport 100 passengers over a distance of

j'ai couru sur une distance de deux kilomètres — I ran for two kilometres [BrE]

à une distance de 10 kilomètres — 10 kilometres [BrE] away

les deux frères vivent à 1000 kilomètres de distance — the two brothers live 1,000 kilometres [BrE] apart

être à faible distance de — not to be far (away) from

gardez vos distances — Automobile keep your distance

prendre ses distances avec — fig to distance oneself from

tenir quelqu'un/quelque chose à distance — fig to keep somebody/something at a distance

tenir or garder ses distances — fig [supérieur] to stand aloof; [inférieur] to know one's place

tenir la distance — [sportif] to stay the course

appel longue distance — Télécommunications long-distance call

à distance — [agir, communiquer, observer] from a distance; [commande, accès] remote (épith)

se tenir à bonne distance de quelque chose — to keep a good distance from something

2) ( intervalle temporel) gap

à une semaine de distance — one week apart

3) ( recul) distance

•

Phrasal Verbs:

- distance focale

- distance de freinage

* * *
distɑ̃s nf
1) (spatiale, géographique) distance

à une distance de 10 km — at a distance of 10 km

à 10 km de distance — 10 km away

à distance (= loin) — at a distance, from a distance, [mettre en marche, commander] by remote control, INFORMATIQUEremote

situé à distance INFORMATIQUE — remote

tenir la distance SPORT — to cover the distance, to last the course

2) (dans le temps) (= écart) gap

à 2 ans de distance — with a gap of 2 years

3) (psychologique) distance

tenir qn à distance — to keep sb at a distance

se tenir à distance — to keep one's distance

prendre ses distances — to distance o.s.

garder ses distances — to keep one's distance

* * *

distance ⇒ Les mesures de longueur nf

1 ( intervalle spatial) distance; quelle est la distance entre Paris et Londres? what is the distance between Paris and London?; Paris est à quelle distance de Londres? what distance ou how far is Paris from London?; à quelle distance est-ce? what distance ou how far is it?; être à distance moyenne de to be a reasonable distance (away) from; mettre une distance entre X et Y to put a distance between X and Y; parcourir de longues distances en peu de temps to cover long distances in a short time; je ne peux pas courir sur de longues distances I can't run long distances; un avion capable de transporter 100 passagers sur une distance de 1 000 kilomètres an aeroplane GB ou airplane US capable of transporting 100 passengers over a distance of 1,000 kilometres^GB; j'ai couru sur une distance de deux kilomètres I ran for two kilometres^GB; à 100 mètres de distance, à une distance de 100 mètres 100 metres^GB away; les deux frères vivent à 1 000 kilomètres de distance the two brothers live 1,000 kilometres^GB apart; notre maison est à faible distance du centre our house isn't far (away) from the centre^GB; distance d'un point à un plan Math distance from a point to a plane; gardez vos distances Aut keep your distance; prendre ses distances avec qn/qch fig to distance oneself from sb/sth; tenir or garder or maintenir qn/qch à distance fig to keep sb/sth at a distance; tenir or garder ses distances fig [supérieur] to stand aloof; [inférieur] to know one's place; tenir/ne pas tenir la distance [sportif] to stay/not to stay the course; appel longue distance Télécom long-distance call; à distance [agir, communiquer, observer] from a distance; [commande, accès, manipulation] remote ( épith); rester à bonne distance/à distance respectueuse/à distance to keep at a good distance/at a respectful distance/one's distance; se tenir à bonne distance de qch to keep a good distance from sth; à égale distance de at the same distance from;

2 ( intervalle temporel) gap; la distance entre/qui sépare les deux événements the gap between/separating the two events; à une semaine/deux siècles de distance one week/two centuries apart; ils sont morts à trois mois de distance their deaths were three months apart; une considérable distance culturelle les sépare there is a considerable cultural gap between them;

3 ( recul) distance; avec la distance que donne l'âge/le temps with the distance conferred by age/time; à distance, ces événements sont plus faciles à comprendre with hindsight, those events are easier to understand.

Composés

distance focale focal length; distance de freinage braking distance.

[distɑ̃s] nom féminin

1. [intervalle - dans l'espace] distance

la distance entre Pau et Tarbes ou de Pau à Tarbes the distance between Pau and Tarbes ou from Pau to Tarbes

on les entend à une distance de 100 mètres you can hear them (from) 100 metres away ou at a distance of 100 metres

nous habitons à une grande distance de la ville we live far (away) from the city

il a mis une distance respectueuse entre lui et le fisc (humoristique) he made sure he stayed well out of reach of the taxman

garder ses distances to stay aloof, to remain distant

prendre ses distances

a. SPORT to space out

b. MILITAIRE to spread out in ou to form open order

prendre ses distances envers ou à l'égard de quelqu'un to hold oneself aloof ou to keep one's distance from somebody

2. [parcours] distance

tenir la distance (sens propre & figuré) to go the distance, to stay the course

3. [intervalle - dans le temps]

ils sont nés à deux mois de distance they were born within two months of each other

il l'a revue à deux mois de distance he saw her again two months later

4. [écart, différence] gap, gulf, great difference

ce malentendu a mis une certaine distance entre nous we've become rather distant from each other since that misunderstanding

————————

à distance locution adverbiale

1. [dans l'espace] at a distance, from a distance, from afar

cette chaîne peut se commander à distance this stereo has a remote control

tenir quelqu'un à distance to keep somebody at a distance ou at arm's length

se tenir à distance (de) to keep one's distance (from)

2. [dans le temps] with time

de distance en distance locution adverbiale

at intervals, in places

Dictionnaire Français-Anglais > distance
9 representar

v.

1 to represent.

este cuadro representa la Última Cena this painting depicts the Last Supper

Ellos representan campiñas They depict fields.

María representa a la madrastra Mary plays the part of the stepmom.

Esto representa lo malo This represents the bad.

2 to represent (actuar en nombre de alguien).

representa a varios artistas she acts as an agent for several artists

3 to look.

representa unos 40 años she looks about 40

4 to mean.

representa el 50 por ciento del consumo interno it accounts for 50 percent of domestic consumption

representa mucho para él it means a lot to him

5 to perform (Teatro) (función).

6 to act out, to represent, to act.

Ella representó bien esa escena She acted the scene out very well.

7 to act in someone's representation, to represent, to act in behalf of, to act in representation of.

María representa a Ricardo Mary acts in John's representation.

* * *

representar

► verbo transitivo

1 (gen) to represent

■ esto representa un árbol this represents a tree

■ esta redacción representa varias horas de trabajo this composition represents several hours of work

2 (símbolo) to represent, stand for

■ una paloma representa la paz a dove stands for peace

3 TEATRO (obra) to perform; (papel) to play (the part of)

4 (aparentar) to appear to be, look

■ representa veinte años she looks twenty

5 (importar) to mean

■ la música representaba mucho para él music meant a lot to him

► verbo pronominal representarse

1 (imaginarse) to imagine, picture

* * *

verb

1) to represent

2) perform

3) portray

•

- representarse

* * *

1. VT

1) (=actuar en nombre de) [+ país, votantes] to represent; [+ cliente, acusado] to act for, represent

la cantante que representará a España en el festival — the singer who will represent Spain at the festival

el príncipe representó al rey en la ceremonia — the prince attended the ceremony on behalf of the king o representing the king

2) (=simbolizar) to symbolize, represent

Don Quijote representa el idealismo — Don Quixote symbolizes o represents idealism

cuando éramos pequeños nuestros padres representaban el modelo a seguir — when we were small our parents were our role models

3) (=reproducir) to depict

este grabado representa a la amada del pintor — this engraving depicts the painter's lover

nuevas formas de representar el mundo — new ways of representing o portraying o depicting the world

esta columna del gráfico representa los síes — this column of the graph shows o represents those in favour

4) (=equivaler a) [+ porcentaje, mejora, peligro] to represent; [+ amenaza] to pose, represent

obtuvieron unos beneficios de 1,7 billones, lo que representa un incremento del 28% sobre el año pasado — they made profits of 1.7 billion, which represents an increase of 28% on last year

los bantúes representan el 70% de los habitantes de Suráfrica — the Bantu account for o represent 70% of the inhabitants of South Africa

la ofensiva de ayer representa una violación de la tregua — yesterday's offensive constitutes a violation of the truce

no sabes lo mucho que representa este trabajo para él — you don't know how much this job means to him

5) (=requerir) [+ trabajo, esfuerzo, sacrificio] to involve

representa mucho esfuerzo — it involves a great deal of effort

6) (Teat) [+ obra] to perform; [+ papel] to play

el teatro donde se representa la obra — the theatre where the play is being performed

en esta película represento el papel de un abogado — in this film I play the part of a lawyer

¿quién va a representar el papel que tenía antes la URSS? — who's going to play the part o role previously played by the USSR?

7) (=aparentar) [+ edad] to look

no representa los años que tiene — she doesn't look her age

representa unos 55 años — he looks about 55

8) (=hacer imaginar) to point out

nos representó las dificultades con que nos podíamos encontrar — she pointed out the difficulties we might come up against

2.

See:

representarse

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

1) <persona/organización/país> to represent

hacerse representar por alguien — to send a representative o proxy

2) < obra> to perform, put on

representó el papel de Cleopatra — she played (the part of) Cleopatra

3) ( aparentar) to look

no representa su edad — he doesn't look his age

4) ( simbolizar) to symbolize

5) ( reproducir) dibujo/fotografía/escena to show, depict; obra/novela to portray, depict

6) (equivaler a, significar) to represent

esto representa un aumento del 5% — this represents a 5% increase

para él no representa ningún sacrificio — it's no sacrifice for him

eso representaría tres días de trabajo — that would mean o involve three days' work
2.
representarse v pron to picture, imagine

* * *

= account for, act out, become + cast, depict, depict, embody, package, represent, stage, stand for, render, portray, symbolise [symbolize, -USA], enact, dramatise [dramatize, -USA], plot, chart, map, incarnate, stand as, betoken, picture, construct, encapsulate.

Ex. The major four categories of physical forms outlined so far account for most of the published indexes and catalogues.

Ex. The use of the form connotes peculiarity (the people so described are acting out a somewhat inappropriate role) and passiveness (they are not actively participating in that role).

Ex. Any action that is repeated frequently become cast into a pattern which can be reproduced with an economy of effort which, ipso facto, is apprehended by its performer as a pattern.

Ex. Trial procedures aiming to increase service recognition and service usage, and the evaluation thereof, are then depicted.

Ex. A globe is a model of a celestial body, usually the earth or the celestial sphere, depicted on the surface of a sphere.

Ex. In alphabetical indexing languages, such as are embodied in thesauri and subject headings lists, subject terms are the alphabetical names of the subjects.

Ex. Documents rarely exactly match a user's requirements because information can be packaged in almost as many different ways as there are participants in a subject area.

Ex. Cartographic materials are, according to AACR2, all the materials that represent, in whole or in part, the earth or any celestial body.

Ex. Book shops also participated by staging similar special features.

Ex. MARC stands for Machine Readable Cataloguing.

Ex. The eventuality is, admittedly, remote but it is also necessary to render the imprint statement in this amount of detail.

Ex. Hardy had a tragic vision of life and that indeed is what the novels portray.

Ex. The library symbolises freedom for the reader to pursue his own desires, however inchoate.

Ex. The author describes how, as a teacher, she introduced pre-school children to books by reading to them, and developed older children's critical interest by reading, discussing and enacting popular fables.

Ex. This article describes how a group of 12-18 teenage volunteers formed a group to dramatise children's books for young children and their parents at a public library.

Ex. The technique 'Trend Projection' graphically plots future trends based on past experience.

Ex. This article describes how Australia was depicted on early maps of the world charted by the Portuguese and Dutch seafarers from 1452 to the present day.

Ex. Defining a revolution in progress is like mapping the lava flow from an active volcano well nigh impossible and extremely dangerous.

Ex. For them, it incarnated modernity and materialism, civilization rather than culture, materialism rather than spiritualism.

Ex. Meantime, our new library stand as as a confident symbol of the importance of ALL librarires to the nation's cultural, educational and economic success.

Ex. The faintly irritating moralising tone of this book betokens a real human interest, which must be recovered if there is to be a dialogue of real content.

Ex. In most cases authors pictured incest as an assault against the innocent, but they often saw the abuser, especially the father, as a victim of himself and he is rarely punished with prison.

Ex. It is argued that newspaper reporting of bigamy constructs bigamists as being a threat to the institution of marriage.

Ex. The Manifesto encapsulates the principles and priorities of public libraries in widely varying contexts.

----

* estar demasiado representado = overrepresent.

* imposible de representar = unmappable.

* que no representa reto = unchallenging.

* representar a = act for.

* representar con una gráfica = graph.

* representar en exceso = overrepresent.

* representar en mente = visualise [visualize, -USA].

* representar gráficamente = map.

* representar insuficientemente = underrepresent [under-represent].

* representar la diferencia entre... y = represent + the difference between... and.

* representar mal = misrepresent.

* representar una idea = dramatise + idea.

* representar una obra = put on + performance, put on + play.

* representar un peligro = pose + danger.

* término que representa un único concepto = one concept term.

* volver a representar = remap.

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

1) <persona/organización/país> to represent

hacerse representar por alguien — to send a representative o proxy

2) < obra> to perform, put on

representó el papel de Cleopatra — she played (the part of) Cleopatra

3) ( aparentar) to look

no representa su edad — he doesn't look his age

4) ( simbolizar) to symbolize

5) ( reproducir) dibujo/fotografía/escena to show, depict; obra/novela to portray, depict

6) (equivaler a, significar) to represent

esto representa un aumento del 5% — this represents a 5% increase

para él no representa ningún sacrificio — it's no sacrifice for him

eso representaría tres días de trabajo — that would mean o involve three days' work
2.
representarse v pron to picture, imagine

* * *

= account for, act out, become + cast, depict, depict, embody, package, represent, stage, stand for, render, portray, symbolise [symbolize, -USA], enact, dramatise [dramatize, -USA], plot, chart, map, incarnate, stand as, betoken, picture, construct, encapsulate.

Ex: The major four categories of physical forms outlined so far account for most of the published indexes and catalogues.

Ex: The use of the form connotes peculiarity (the people so described are acting out a somewhat inappropriate role) and passiveness (they are not actively participating in that role).

Ex: Any action that is repeated frequently become cast into a pattern which can be reproduced with an economy of effort which, ipso facto, is apprehended by its performer as a pattern.

Ex: Trial procedures aiming to increase service recognition and service usage, and the evaluation thereof, are then depicted.

Ex: A globe is a model of a celestial body, usually the earth or the celestial sphere, depicted on the surface of a sphere.

Ex: In alphabetical indexing languages, such as are embodied in thesauri and subject headings lists, subject terms are the alphabetical names of the subjects.

Ex: Documents rarely exactly match a user's requirements because information can be packaged in almost as many different ways as there are participants in a subject area.

Ex: Cartographic materials are, according to AACR2, all the materials that represent, in whole or in part, the earth or any celestial body.

Ex: Book shops also participated by staging similar special features.

Ex: MARC stands for Machine Readable Cataloguing.

Ex: The eventuality is, admittedly, remote but it is also necessary to render the imprint statement in this amount of detail.

Ex: Hardy had a tragic vision of life and that indeed is what the novels portray.

Ex: The library symbolises freedom for the reader to pursue his own desires, however inchoate.

Ex: The author describes how, as a teacher, she introduced pre-school children to books by reading to them, and developed older children's critical interest by reading, discussing and enacting popular fables.

Ex: This article describes how a group of 12-18 teenage volunteers formed a group to dramatise children's books for young children and their parents at a public library.

Ex: The technique 'Trend Projection' graphically plots future trends based on past experience.

Ex: This article describes how Australia was depicted on early maps of the world charted by the Portuguese and Dutch seafarers from 1452 to the present day.

Ex: Defining a revolution in progress is like mapping the lava flow from an active volcano well nigh impossible and extremely dangerous.

Ex: For them, it incarnated modernity and materialism, civilization rather than culture, materialism rather than spiritualism.

Ex: Meantime, our new library stand as as a confident symbol of the importance of ALL librarires to the nation's cultural, educational and economic success.

Ex: The faintly irritating moralising tone of this book betokens a real human interest, which must be recovered if there is to be a dialogue of real content.

Ex: In most cases authors pictured incest as an assault against the innocent, but they often saw the abuser, especially the father, as a victim of himself and he is rarely punished with prison.

Ex: It is argued that newspaper reporting of bigamy constructs bigamists as being a threat to the institution of marriage.

Ex: The Manifesto encapsulates the principles and priorities of public libraries in widely varying contexts.

* estar demasiado representado = overrepresent.

* imposible de representar = unmappable.

* que no representa reto = unchallenging.

* representar a = act for.

* representar con una gráfica = graph.

* representar en exceso = overrepresent.

* representar en mente = visualise [visualize, -USA].

* representar gráficamente = map.

* representar insuficientemente = underrepresent [under-represent].

* representar la diferencia entre... y = represent + the difference between... and.

* representar mal = misrepresent.

* representar una idea = dramatise + idea.

* representar una obra = put on + performance, put on + play.

* representar un peligro = pose + danger.

* término que representa un único concepto = one concept term.

* volver a representar = remap.

* * *

representar [A1 ]

vt

A ‹persona/organización/país› to represent

no estaba representado por un abogado he was not represented by a lawyer

representó a Suecia en los campeonatos he represented Sweden in the championships, he played ( o swam etc) for Sweden in the championships

los que no puedan asistir deben hacerse representar por alguien those who cannot attend should send a representative o proxy

B ‹obra› to perform, put on; ‹papel› to play

representó el papel de Cleopatra she played Cleopatra o the part of Cleopatra

C (aparentar) to look

no representa la edad que tiene he doesn't look the age he is

representa unos cuarenta años she looks about forty

no representa lo que costó it doesn't look as expensive as it was

D (simbolizar) to symbolize

la paloma representa la paz the dove symbolizes o is a symbol of peace

E (reproducir) «dibujo/fotografía» to show, depict

la medalla representa a la Virgen the medallion depicts the Virgin Mary

la escena representa una calle de los arrabales the scene shows o depicts a street in the poor quarters

la obra representa fielmente la sociedad de fines de siglo the play accurately portrays society at the turn of the century

F (equivaler a, significar) to represent

esto representa un aumento del 5% con respecto al año pasado this represents a 5% increase on last year

para él no representa ningún sacrificio it's no sacrifice for him

nos representa un gasto inesperado it means o involves an unexpected expense

introducir la modificación representaría tres días de trabajo introducing the modification would mean o involve three days' work

■ representarse

v pron

to picture

¿te lo puedes representar sin barba? can you picture o imagine him without a beard?

* * *

representar ( conjugate representar) verbo transitivo
1 ‹persona/organización/país› to represent
2 ‹ obra› to perform, put on;
‹ papel› to play
3 ( aparentar) to look;
◊ no representa su edad he doesn't look his age

4 ( simbolizar) to represent, symbolize
5 ( reproducir) [dibujo/fotografía/escena] to show, depict;
[obra/novela] to portray, depict
6 (equivaler a, significar) to represent;
◊ esto representa un aumento del 5% this represents a 5% increase;

eso representaría tres días de trabajo that would mean o involve three days' work
representar verbo transitivo
1 (un símbolo) to symbolize, represent: la paloma representa la paz, the dove stands for peace
2 (un cuadro, fotografía, ilustración) to depict: el cuadro representa una escena de caza, the painting depicts a hunting scene
3 (un ejemplo o modelo) to represent
4 (a una persona, un país, una institución) to represent
5 (una edad) to look: no representa la edad que tiene, she doesn't look her age
6 (en la imaginación) to imagine
7 (en valor, importancia) to mean, represent: su ascenso representó una gran alegría, I/he/she, etc. was overjoyed by his promotion
ese chico no representa nada para mí, that guy means nothing to me
8 Teat (una obra) to perform
(un papel) to play: mi amigo representa al emperador Augusto, my friend plays Emperor Augustus
' representar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
aparentar
- constituir
- hacer
- jugar
- vida
- significar
English:
act
- act out
- depict
- deputize
- do
- enact
- nation
- perform
- picture
- play
- portray
- represent
- role-play
- speak for
- stage
- stand for
- pose

* * *

representar vt

1. [simbolizar, ejemplificar] to represent;

este cuadro representa la Última Cena this painting depicts the Last Supper;

la coma representa los decimales the comma indicates decimal places;

Dalí representa perfectamente el surrealismo Dali is the ultimate surrealist painter

2. [actuar en nombre de] to represent;

el delegado sindical representaba a sus compañeros the shop steward represented his fellow workers;

ha participado en dos festivales representando a su país she has represented her country at two festivals;

representa a varios artistas she acts as an agent for several artists

3. [aparentar] to look;

representa unos cuarenta años she looks about forty;

representa muchos menos años de los que tiene she looks a lot younger than she is

4. [significar] to mean;

representa el 50 por ciento del consumo interno it accounts for 50 percent of domestic consumption;

diez millones no representan nada para él ten million is nothing to him;

representa mucho para él it means a lot to him

5. Teatro [función] to perform;
[papel] to play
6. Com to represent

* * *

representar

v/t

1 ( simbolizar) represent

2 obra put on, perform; papel play

3 ( aparentar)

:

representar menos años look younger

* * *

representar vt

1) : to represent, to act for

2) : to perform

3) : to look, to appear as

4) : to symbolize, to stand for

5) : to signify, to mean

♦ See also the reflexive verb representarse

* * *

representar vb

1. (un papel) to play

representaba el papel de Julieta she played the role of Juliet

2. (una obra) to perform

la compañía representará "Yerma" the company will perform "Yerma"

3. (simbolizar) to represent

la paloma representa la paz the dove represents peace

4. (actuar en nombre de otro) to represent

los abogados representan a sus clientes lawyers represent their clients

5. (aparentar) to look

tu padre representa unos 40 años your father looks about 40 years old

Spanish-English dictionary > representar
10 écart

écart [ekaʀ]

1. masculine noun

   a. ( = différence) (entre objets, dates) gap ; (entre chiffres, températures, opinions) difference ; (entre explications) discrepancy

• l'écart de prix entre les deux modèles est important there's a big difference in price between the two models

• il y a un gros écart d'âge entre eux there's a big age gap between them

• ils ont 11 ans d'écart there are 11 years between them

• réduire l'écart entre to narrow the gap between

• réduire l'écart à la marque to narrow the gap

   b. ( = action) faire un écart [cheval] to shy ; [voiture] to swerve ; [personne surprise] to jump out of the way

• faire un écart de régime to break one's diet

• faire le grand écart to do the splits ; (figurative) to do a balancing act

   c. ► à l'écart

• être à l'écart [hameau] to be isolated

• tirer qn à l'écart to take sb to one side

• mettre or tenir qn à l'écart ( = empêcher de participer) to keep sb on the sidelines ; ( = empêcher d'approcher) to hold sb back

• rester à l'écart ( = s'isoler) to remain aloof ; ( = ne pas approcher) to stay in the background ; ( = ne pas participer) to stay on the sidelines► à l'écart de

• la maison est à l'écart de la route the house is off the road

• ils habitent un peu à l'écart du village they live just outside the village

• tenir qn à l'écart d'un lieu to keep sb away from a place

• tenir qn à l'écart d'une affaire to keep sb out of a deal

• rester à l'écart des autres to keep out of the way of the others

• rester à l'écart de la politique to steer clear of politics

2. compounds

► écart de conduite misdemeanour

► écart de langage bad language uncount

• faire un écart de langage to use unacceptable language

* * *
ekaʀ
1.

nom masculin

1) ( distance) ( entre des objets) distance, gap ( entre between); ( entre des dates) interval; ( entre des concepts) gap; ( entre des versions) difference

2) ( variation) difference

écart des salaires — pay differential

écart par rapport à la normale — deviation from the norm

3) ( mouvement brusque)

faire un écart — [cheval] to shy; [voiture] to swerve; [piéton] to leap aside

4) ( faute) lapse

il fait des écarts de régime — he doesn't stick to his diet

écarts de langage — bad language [U]

5) ( aux cartes) discard

2.

à l'écart locution adverbiale

être à l'écart — to be isolated

ils bavardaient dans le jardin, à l'écart — they were talking in the garden GB ou yard US, off by themselves

se tenir à l'écart — ( éloigné) to stand apart; ( refuser de se mêler) to keep oneself to oneself; ( ne pas participer) not to join in

mettre quelqu'un à l'écart — ( éloigner) to push somebody aside; ( mettre au ban) to ostracize somebody

3.

à l'écart de locution prépositive away from

tenir quelqu'un à l'écart de — to keep somebody away from [lieu]; to keep somebody out of [activité, négociations]

* * *
ekaʀ nm
1) (espace entre deux parties) gap

faire le grand écart DANSE, GYMNASTIQUE — to do the splits

2) (mouvement latéral) sideways leap, (d'une automobile) swerve

faire un écart [voiture] — to swerve

3) fig (entres données, quantités) difference

écart entre — difference between

4) (autres locutions)

à l'écart [se tenir, rester] — out of the way, [habiter, être situé] in a remote area

tenir qn à l'écart — to keep sb at a distance

à l'écart de (position, situation) — away from

Ils se sont assis à l'écart des autres. — They sat away from the others., fig

rester à l'écart de — to keep out of, to steer clear of, fig

se tenir à l'écart de — to keep out of, to steer clear of

* * *

écart

A nm

1 ( distance) ( entre des objets) distance (entre between), gap (entre between); (entre des dates, événements) interval (entre between); (entre des concepts, attitudes) gap (entre between); ( entre des versions) difference (entre between); écart inflationniste/technologique inflationary/technological gap; un écart d'un mètre a one-metre^GB gap, a gap of one metre^GB; écart de six mois six-month interval, interval of six months; creuser/réduire l'écart to widen/narrow the gap; il y a trop d'écart entre eux (en âge) there's too much of an age gap between them; ⇒ grand;

2 ( variation) difference; écarts de température differences in temperature; écarts de prix price differences, differences in prices; écart des salaires pay differential; écart de dix euros/degrés ten-euro/-degree difference, difference of ten euros/degrees; écart par rapport à la normale/moyenne deviation from the norm/mean;

3 ( mouvement brusque) ( de cheval) shy; ( de voiture) swerve; faire un écart [cheval] to shy; [voiture] to swerve; [piéton] to leap aside;

4 fig ( faute) lapse; il fait des écarts de régime he doesn't stick to his diet; écarts de langage bad language ¢;

5 ( aux cartes) discard.

B à l'écart loc adv être à l'écart to be isolated; ils bavardaient dans le jardin, à l'écart they were talking in the garden GB ou yard US, off by themselves; elle vit à l'écart she keeps herself to herself; se tenir à l 'écart ( éloigné) to stand apart; ( refuser de se mêler) to keep oneself to oneself; ( ne pas participer) not to join in; mettre qn à l'écart ( éloigner) to push sb aside; ( mettre au ban) to ostracize sb; il ne supporte pas cette mise à l'écart he cannot bear the way he is being ostracized ou ignored; prendre or entraîner qn à l'écart to take sb aside.

C à l'écart de loc prép à l'écart de la ville/route away from the town/road; laisser or tenir qn à l'écart de to keep sb away from [lieu]; to keep sb out of [activité]; se tenir à l'écart des autres ( dans l'espace) to stand apart from the others; ( socialement) to refuse to join in; rester or se tenir à l'écart du conflit/des négociations to keep out of the conflict/the negotiations.

Composés

écart de conduite lapse in behaviour^GB; faire des écarts de conduite to have occasional lapses; écart de jeunesse youthful indiscretion; écart à la moyenne Stat deviation from the mean.

[ekar] nom masculin

1. [variation] difference, discrepancy

écart de poids/température difference in weight/temperature

écart salarial wage differential

écart type standard deviation

2. [intervalle] gap, distance

un écart de huit ans les sépare, il y a huit ans d'écart entre eux there's an eight-year gap between them

réduire ou resserrer l'écart entre to close ou to narrow the gap between

3. [déviation] swerving

faire un écart

a. [cheval] to shy

b. [voiture, vélo] to swerve

j'ai fait un petit écart aujourd'hui: j'ai mangé deux gâteaux I broke my diet today: I ate two cakes

4. [excès]

écart de conduite misdemeanour, misbehaviour (substantif non comptable)

écarts de langage strong language

5. JEUX discard

6. DANSE & SPORT

faire le grand écart

a. to do the splits

b. (figuré) to do a balancing act

7. [en comptabilité] margin

[en statistiques] deviation

8. [hameau] hamlet

————————

à l'écart locution adverbiale

1. [de côté] aside

mettre quelqu'un à l'écart to put somebody on the sidelines

prendre quelqu'un à l'écart to take somebody aside ou to one side/to draw somebody aside ou to one side

tenir quelqu'un à l'écart

a. [éloigné] to hold ou keep somebody back

b. [empêcher de participer] to keep somebody out of things

rester ou se tenir à l'écart

a. [éloigné] to stand apart

b. [ne pas participer] to stay on the sidelines ou in the background, to keep out of things

2. [loin des habitations]

vivre à l'écart to live in a remote spot

————————

à l'écart de locution prépositionnelle

nous sommes un peu à l'écart du village we live a little way away from the village

il essaie de la tenir à l'écart de tous ses problèmes he's trying not to involve her in all his problems

se tenir à l'écart de la vie politique to keep out of politics

Dictionnaire Français-Anglais > écart
11 secolo

m century

ti ho aspettato un secolo! I waited hours for you!

* * *

secolo s.m.

1 century: a un secolo dalla sua morte, a century after his death; la fine, il principio del secolo, the end, the beginning of the century; quel poeta visse a cavallo tra la fine del secolo scorso e l'inizio del nostro secolo, that poet lived around the turn of the century; visse a cavallo tra il XVIII e il XIX secolo, he lived in the late 18th and early 19th century; fino al XV secolo, up to the 15th century; nel nostro secolo, in our century; per tre secoli, for three centuries // nel corso dei secoli, over the centuries // sembra un secolo che..., (fam.) it seems ages since... // sono secoli, è un secolo che non lo vedo, I have not seen him for ages; è un secolo che ti aspetto, I've been waiting for you for ages // non mi divertivo così da secoli, I haven't enjoyed myself so much for ages // l'avvenimento del secolo, the event of the century; il cancro è il male del ( nostro) secolo, cancer is the disease of our century; il male del secolo, (fig.) mal du siècle // andare col secolo, to be born at the beginning of the century

2 ( tempo, epoca) age, epoch, time: il secolo in cui viviamo, the age (o the century) we live in; il grande secolo di Augusto in Roma, the great Augustan Age in Rome; il secolo di Luigi XIV, the age of Louis XIV; il secolo delle macchine, the machine age; le meraviglie del nostro secolo, the wonders of our age // il secolo d'oro delle arti, the Golden Age of Art // dal principio dei secoli, from time immemorial // fino alla fine dei secoli, to the end of time // nella notte dei secoli, in remote antiquity // per tutti i secoli dei secoli, world without end

3 ( mondo, cose mondane) world; things mundane (pl.): ritirarsi dal secolo, to withdraw from the world (o worldly life) // Padre Pietro, al secolo John Brown, Father Peter, in the world John Brown; Totò, al secolo Antonio de Curtis, Totò, whose real name was Antonio de Curtis.

* * *
['sɛkolo]
sostantivo maschile

1) century

nel V secolo avanti, dopo Cristo — in the 5th century Before Christ, Anno Domini

l'arte del XVII secolo — 17th-century art

nel secolo scorso — in the last century

del secolo — colloq. [affare, idea] of the century

vecchio di -i — centuries-old

2) fig.

erano -i che non venivo qui — colloq. I hadn't been here for ages

è un secolo che non vado al mare — it's ages since I went to the seaside

da -i — for ages o centuries

3) (epoca)

il secolo di Luigi XIV — the age of Louis XIV

i -i futuri — future ages

il secolo dei lumi — the Age of the Enlightenment

i -i bui — the Dark Ages

quest'opera rispecchia il gusto del secolo — this work reflects the taste of its time

4) relig.

fino alla fine dei -i — bibl. till the end of time

••

al secolo — in the world

padre Giuseppe, al secolo Mario Rossi — padre Giuseppe, in the world Mario Rossi

* * *

secolo

/'sεkolo/ ⇒ 19

sostantivo m.

1 century; nel V secolo avanti, dopo Cristo in the 5th century Before Christ, Anno Domini; l'arte del XVII secolo 17th-century art; nel secolo scorso in the last century; del secolo colloq. [affare, idea] of the century; vecchio di -i centuries-old

2 fig. erano -i che non venivo qui colloq. I hadn't been here for ages; è un secolo che non vado al mare it's ages since I went to the seaside; da -i for ages o centuries

3 (epoca) il secolo di Luigi XIV the age of Louis XIV; i -i futuri future ages; il secolo dei lumi the Age of the Enlightenment; i -i bui the Dark Ages; quest'opera rispecchia il gusto del secolo this work reflects the taste of its time

4 relig. fino alla fine dei -i bibl. till the end of time

IDIOMS

al secolo in the world; padre Giuseppe, al secolo Mario Rossi padre Giuseppe, in the world Mario Rossi.

Dizionario Italiano-Inglese > secolo
12 a

prep.

1 to.

voy a Madrid I'm going to Madrid

me voy al extranjero I'm going abroad

llegó a Buenos Aires/a la fiesta he arrived in Buenos Aires/at the party

2 at (moment).

a las siete at seven o'clock

a los once años at the age of eleven

al caer la noche at nightfall

al oír la noticia se desmayó on hearing the news, she fainted

Llegué al amanecer I arrived at dawn.

3 per, every (frecuency).

40 horas a la semana 40 hours per o a week

tres veces al día three times a day

4 to.

dáselo a Ricardo give it to Ricardo

dile a Ricardo que venga tell Ricardo to come

5 to.

entró a pagar he came in to pay

aprender a nadar to learn to swim

6 by, about to, for.

* * *

A, a

► nombre femenino (pl as o aes)

1 (la letra) A, a

————————

A

► abreviatura

1 ( Alteza) Highness; (abreviatura) H

————————

A

► abreviatura

1 ( autopista) motorway; (abreviatura) M

————————

A

► símbolo

1 ( amperio) ampere, amp; (símbolo) A

* * *

prep.

1) to

2) into

3) in

4) at

5) on

6) with

* * *

SF = a (=letra) A, a

* * *

a femenino (pl aes) ( read as [a]) the letter A, a

* * *

= for, per, to.

Ex. The fine policy matrix corresponds to the loan policy matrix, cell for cell.

Ex. Indexing can thus be achieved at a detailed level, with often many terms per document, with almost no indexing effort.

Ex. Accessibility to the documents stored in files is an important factor, so the physical storage is important.

----

* a + Adjetivo + escala = on a + Adjetivo + scale.

* a alguna parte = someplace.

* a alta presión = high-pressured, high-pressure.

* a altas horas de la noche = late at night.

* a ambas orillas del Atlántico = on both sides of the ocean, on both sides of the Atlantic.

* a ambos lados de = on either side of.

* a ambos lados del Altántico = on both sides of the ocean, on both sides of the Atlantic.

* a ambos lados de + Lugar = on both sides of + Lugar.

* a años luz de = light years away from.

* a bajas temperaturas = at low temperature.

* a bajo coste = low-cost.

* a bajo costo = low-cost.

* a bajo nivel = low-level.

* a bajo precio = lower-cost, at a low price, on the cheap.

* a base de = in the form of, on a diet of.

* a base de carne = meaty [meatier -comp., meatiest -sup.].

* a base de cometer errores = the hard way.

* a base de errores = the hard way.

* a boca de jarro = at close range.

* a bocajarro = point blank.

* a bombo y platillo = fanfare, with a bang.

* a bordo = aboard, on board ship.

* a bordo de = aboard, onboard.

* a bordo de un barco = shipboard, on board ship.

* a buen recaudo = in a safe place, in safekeeping.

* a caballo = on horseback, astride.

* a caballo entre = astride... and..., midway between.

* a caballo entre... y... = half way between... and....

* a caballo regalado no se le mira el diente = never look a gift horse in the mouth.

* a cada rato = every so often, every now and then, every now and again, every once in a while.

* a cambio = in return.

* a cambio de = in exchange for, in return for.

* a cambio de nada = for nothing.

* a cántaros = cats and dogs.

* a cargo = in the saddle.

* a cargo (de) = charged with, in charge (of), at the helm (of).

* a cargo de Alguien = under supervision.

* a cargo de las riendas = in the saddle.

* a cargo del ayuntamiento = local authority-run.

* a cargo del gobierno = government-operated, government-run.

* a cargo de una sola persona = one-man band.

* a cargo de voluntarios = volunteer-run.

* a chorros = profusely.

* a ciegas = blindfold, blindly, blindfolded, in the dark.

* a ciencia cierta = for sure, for certain.

* a cierta distancia = some distance away.

* a cierta distancia de = off.

* a cierta distancia de la costa = offshore.

* a cierta distancia del litoral = offshore.

* a cobro revertido = reverse charges.

* a color = multi-colour [multi-color -USA].

* a comienzos de + Expresión Temporal = early + Expresión Temporal, the.

* a comienzos de + Fecha = in the early + Fecha, in the early part of + Fecha.

* a comienzos de + Período de Tiempo = by the turn of + Período de Tiempo, at the turn of + Período de Tiempo.

* a conciencia = deliberately, wilfully [willfully, -USA], by design, on purpose.

* a condición de que + Subjuntivo = provided (that), providing (that), as long as.

* a contenido enriquecido = content-enriched.

* a continuación = next, then, in the following, herewith.

* a continuación se enumeran = given below.

* a contracorriente = against the grain.

* a contraluz = against the light.

* a contrapelo = against the grain, against the nap.

* a coro = with one voice, in unison.

* a corto plazo = before very long, short term [short-term], in the short run, short-range, at short notice, in the short term, short-run.

* a costa de = at the cost of, at the expense of, at + Nombre's + expense, at cost of.

* a costa de mucho = at (a) great expense.

* a costa de otro = at someone else's expense.

* a costa de otros = at other people's expense.

* a criterio de = at the discretion of.

* a cualquier hora = anytime, around the clock.

* a cualquier hora del día o de la noche = at any hour of the day or night, at any time of the day or night.

* a cualquier precio = at any cost, at all costs, at any price.

* a cuatro aguas = hipped.

* a cuatro patas = on all fours, on four legs.

* a cuenta de = at the expense of.

* a cuenta de la empresa = at company expense.

* a cuenta de otro = at someone else's expense.

* a cuenta de otros = at other people's expense.

* a cuenta propia = at + Posesivo + expense, at + Posesivo + own expense.

* a cuerpo de rey = the lap of luxury.

* a cuestas = in tow.

* a decir de todos = by all accounts.

* a decir verdad = to tell the truth, if the truth be known, if the truth be told, in all truth, in truth, fact is, the fact is (that), to be fair.

* a decir verdad... = the fact of the matter is that....

* a demanda = pro re nata.

* a deshora(s) = at odd times, out of hours.

* a día de hoy = as of today.

* a diario = every day.

* a diestro y siniestro = like there's no tomorrow.

* a dieta = on a diet.

* a diferencia de = apart from, as opposed to, in contradistinction to, as contrasted with, in contrast (to/with), quite apart from, in sharp contrast (with).

* a diferencia de + Nombre = unlike + Nombre.

* a diferentes niveles = multi-tiered [multitiered], multi-tier [multitier].

* a discreción = at will, no holds barred.

* a disgusto = unwillingly, reluctantly.

* a disposición de = at the disposal of.

* a distancia = remote, remotely, distantly.

* a doble espacio = double-spaced.

* a domicilio = domiciliary.

* ¿a dónde se dirige(n)...? = whither?.

* ¿a dónde va(n)...? = whither?.

* ¿a dónde vas? = quo vadis, whither thou goest.

* a dos niveles = two-tier.

* a dos velas = skint, penniless, broke.

* a duras penas = with great difficulty.

* a efectos de = in terms of, for the purpose of + Nombre.

* a efectos prácticos = to all intents and purposes, for all practical purposes, for all intents and purposes, to all intents.

* a él = him.

* a ellos = them.

* a escala = drawn-to-scale.

* a escala industrial = on an industrial scale, industrial-scale.

* a escala mundial = globally, on a global scale.

* a escala natural = full-scale.

* a escondidas = by stealth, stealthily, furtively, on the quiet, on the sly.

* a eso = thereto.

* a espaldas de = out of sight of.

* a estas alturas = by now.

* a este fin = to this end.

* a este paso = at this rate.

* a este respecto = in this respect.

* a este ritmo = at this rate.

* a estrenar = brand new.

* a examen = under the microscope.

* a excepción de = barring, except for, excepting, other than, with the exception of, short of.

* a excepción de que = except that.

* a excepción de uno = with one exception.

* a expensas de = at the expense of, at + Nombre's + expense.

* a expensas de otro = at someone else's expense.

* a expensas de otros = at other people's expense.

* a + Expresión Temporal = as of + Expresión Temporal.

* a falta de = for want of, in the absence of, in default of, for lack of, short of.

* a favor = in favour.

* a favor de = in favour of.

* a favor de la decisión personal sobre el aborto = pro-choice.

* a favor de la esclavitud = pro-slavery.

* a favor de la raza negra = pro-black [problack].

* a favor de la vida humana = pro-life.

* a favor y en contra = pro and con.

* a + Fecha = as per + Fecha.

* a finales de = by the end of, at the close of + Expresión Temporal.

* a finales de + Expresión Temporal = as of late + Expresión Temporal, at the end of + Expresión Temporal, by the close of + Expresión Temporal.

* a finales de + Fecha = in the late + Fecha, in late + Fecha.

* a finales de los + Década = late + Década, the.

* a finales del + Siglo = late + Siglo, late period of + Siglo.

* a fin de cuentas = at the end of the day, in the end, in the final count, in the grand scheme of things, when all is said and done, after all is said and done.

* a fondo = fully, thoroughly, full-scale.

* a fondo perdido = non-refundable.

* ¡a freír espárragos! = on your bike!.

* a fuerza de = by dint of.

* a fuerza de cometer errores = the hard way.

* a fuerza de errores = the hard way.

* a gas = gas-powered.

* a gatas = on all fours.

* a grandes rasgos = broadly, rough draft.

* a granel = in bulk.

* a gran escala = large scale [large-scale], massive, on a wide scale, high-volume, wide-scale, on a broad scale, in a big way, on a grand scale.

* a gran velocidad = at great speed.

* a grito limpio = at the top of + Posesivo + voice.

* a grito pelado = at the top of + Posesivo + voice.

* a gritos = vociferously.

* a groso modo = crudely.

* a grosso modo = roughly, rough draft.

* a gusto = at ease, at leisure.

* a gusto de = to the liking of, at the pleasure of.

* a horcajadas = astride.

* a hurtadillas = surreptitiously, by stealth, stealthily, furtively, on the sly.

* a imitación de lo clásico = classicising [classicizing, -USA], classicised [classicized, -USA].

* a iniciativa de = at the initiative of.

* a iniciativas del gobierno = government-led.

* a instancia de = at the urging of.

* a instancias de = at the instigation of, at the behest of, under the auspices of.

* a intervalos = at intervals.

* a intervalos + Adjetivo = at + Adjetivo + intervals.

* a intervalos semanales = at weekly intervals.

* a invitación de = at the invitation of.

* a jabón = soapy [soapier -comp., soapiest -sup.].

* a juicio = on trial.

* a juicio público = in the public eye.

* a juzgar por = to judge by, judging by, judging from.

* a la acuarela = water-coloured [water-colored, -USA].

* a la alcaldía = mayoral.

* a la altura de = of the stature of, equal to.

* a la altura de la cintura = waist high, waist deep.

* a la altura de la rodilla = knee-high.

* a la altura de los hombros = shoulder-high.

* a la anchura de los hombros = shoulder-width.

* a la anochecida = at nightfall.

* a la antigua = old-style.

* a la antigua usanza = old-style.

* a la atención de = c/o (care of).

* a la baja = on the wane.

* a la brasa = grilled.

* a la buena de Dios = out in the cold.

* a la cabeza de = in the forefront of/in.

* a la caída de la noche = at nightfall, at twilight.

* a la caída de la tarde = at twilight.

* a la carta = a la carte.

* a la defensiva = on the defensive.

* a la derecha = at the right.

* a la derecha de = on the right side of, on the right-hand side of.

* a la deriva = rudderless.

* a la discreción de = at the discretion of.

* a la disposición de Alguien = at + Posesivo + disposal.

* a la expectativa de = on the lookout for, on the alert for.

* a la + Expresión Temporal = a + Expresión Temporal.

* a la fuerza = forcefully, of necessity, forcibly, compulsorily.

* a la fuga = on the run, on the lam.

* a la hora de + Infinitivo = when it came to + Gerundio, when it comes to + Gerundio.

* a la hora de la verdad = when push comes to shove, if it comes to the crunch, when it comes to the crunch, when the worst comes to the worst, if the worst comes to the worst, when the crunch comes to the crunch, if the crunch comes to the crunch.

* a la hora del café = at coffee.

* a la intemperie = in the open, exposed.

* a la inversa = mirror-fashion, mirror image, in reverse.

* a la izquierda = at the left.

* a la larga = in the long term, over the long term, in the end, eventually, for the long pull, over a period of time, over the long haul, in the far term, ultimately, by and by.

* a la ligera = lightly.

* a la luz de = in light of, in the light of.

* a la luz de la luna = by moonlight, in the moonlight, moonlit.

* a la luz de las estrellas = by starlight.

* a la luz de las velas = by candlelight, candlelight, candlelit.

* a la luz del día = in the light of day.

* a la luz de una lámpara de gas = by gaslight.

* a la mano de = available at the fingertips of.

* a la misma altura que = in the same league as.

* a la moda = trendy [trendier -comp., trendiest -sup.].

* a la onda = in the know.

* a la opinión pública = in the public eye.

* a la par = in concert, in tandem, neck and neck, in a tandem fashion, in parallel.

* a la par que = in tandem with, hand in hand (with), as the same time as.

* a la parrilla = grilled, on the grill.

* a la perfección = superbly.

* a la plancha = griddled, on the griddle, on the hotplate.

* a largo plazo = in the long term, over the long term, long-range, in the long run, long-term, over the long run, over the long haul, long-run, in the far term, far-term.

* a la salida = on the way out.

* a la sazón = at that time.

* a las doce del mediodía = at high noon.

* a la semana = a week, per week.

* a las mil maravillas = marvellously [marvelously, -USA], famously, like a house on fire.

* a la sombra de = in the shadow of.

* a las puertas de = on the threshold of.

* a la última = hip [hipper -comp., hippest -sup.], on the fast track, hipped.

* a la vanguardia = on the cutting edge, on the leading edge, in the fast lane, on the fast track, at the leading edge, on the bleeding edge.

* a la vanguardia de = in the vanguard of, at the forefront of, in the forefront of/in, at the vanguard of.

* a la velocidad de la luz = at the speed of light.

* a la velocidad del rayo = at the speed of lightning.

* a la velocidad del sonido = at the speed of sound.

* a la venta = on release.

* a la vez = at once, at one time, at similar times, at the same time, concurrently, side-by-side, simultaneously, at the same instant, in parallel, in tandem, at the one time, in a tandem fashion, at a time, in unison.

* a la vez que = hand in hand (with), cum, in conjunction with, in unison with.

* a la vista = in sight, within sight.

* a la vista de = in light of, in the light of.

* a la vuelta de = on the return leg of.

* a la zaga = not far behind, in tow.

* al azar = lucky draw, lucky dip.

* al extremo norte = northernmost.

* al extremo oeste = westernmost.

* al hacer esto = in doing so.

* al norte del estado = upstate.

* a lo extremo = to the extreme.

* a lo grande = in a big way, big time, grandly, on a grand scale.

* a lo hecho, pecho = no use crying over spilt/spilled milk, you've made your bed, now you must lie in it!.

* a lo largo de = along, down, throughout.

* a lo largo de + Expresión Temporal = sometime + Expresión Temporal.

* a lo largo de la historia = over time.

* a lo largo de la ruta = along the way.

* a lo largo del tiempo = longitudinal, longitudinally.

* a lo largo de todo = the entire length of.

* a lo largo y ancho del país = countrywide [country-wide].

* a lo largo y ancho de + Lugar = up and down + Lugar.

* a lo lejos = in the distance.

* a lo loco = helter-skelter, like there's no tomorrow.

* a lo máximo = at best, at most, at the most.

* a lo mejor = perhaps.

* a lo que salga = come what may.

* a los ojos de = in the eyes of.

* a lo sumo = at best, at most, at the most.

* al otro lado del atlántico = across the pond.

* al otro lado del charco = across the pond.

* al otro lado del océano = across the pond.

* a lo zombi = zombielike.

* a mano = by hand, manually, nearby [near-by], handy, within reach, within easy reach.

* a mano alzada = by a show of hands.

* a mano derecha de = on the right side of, on the right-hand side of.

* a manojos = by the handful.

* a manos de = at the hands of.

* a marchas forzadas = in a rush, against the clock.

* a mares = cats and dogs.

* a más largo plazo = longer-term.

* a más..., más... = the + Comparativo..., the + Comparativo....

* a más tardar = at the latest.

* a mata caballo = in a hurry, hurried, hurriedly, helter-skelter.

* a media asta = at half-mast, at half staff.

* a mediados de = in the middle decades of.

* a mediados de + Fecha = in the mid + Fecha.

* a mediados de semana = midweek.

* a media jornada = half-time [half time].

* a media mañana = mid-morning.

* a medianoche = at midnight.

* a medias = half-hearted [halfhearted], qualified.

* a medias entre... y... = betwixt and between.

* a medida = custom, bespoke.

* a medida que + avanzar + el año = as the year + wear on.

* a medida que + avanzar + el día = as the day + wear on.

* a medida que pasaba el tiempo = as time passed (by), as time went by.

* a medida que pasa el tiempo = as time passes (by).

* a medida que pasa + Expresión Temporal = as + Expresión Temporal + go by.

* a medida que + pasar + el año = as the year + wear on.

* a medida que + pasar + el día = as the day + wear on.

* a medida que se necesite = on demand, on request, as required.

* a medida que + transcurrir + el año = as the year + wear on.

* a medida que + transcurrir + el día = as the day + wear on.

* a medio abrir = half-opened.

* a medio camino = halfway [half-way/half way].

* a medio comprender = half-understood.

* a medio formar = half-formed.

* a medio fuego = medium heat.

* a medio hacer = halfway done, half done.

* a medio plazo = medium-term, near-term, in the medium term, in the mid-term, mid-term [midterm].

* a medio rimar = half-rhymed.

* a medio vestir = half dressed.

* a menor escala = at a reduced rate.

* a menos que = unless, short of.

* a menudo = oftentimes [often times], ofttimes [oft-times].

* a merced de = at the mercy of.

* a mí = me.

* a mi entender = to my mind.

* a mi modo de ver = in my books.

* a mi parecer = to my mind, methinks, in my books.

* a mitad de = half way through, halfway through.

* a mitad de camino = halfway [half-way/half way].

* a mitad de camino entre... y... = midway between, half way between... and....

* a mitad de camino entre... y... = astride... and....

* a mitad de precio = at half price.

* a mí también me gustaría tener la misma oportunidad = turnabout is fair play.

* a modo de = by way of, in the vein of, as a kind of.

* a modo de aclaración = in parenthesis, on a sidenote.

* a modo de advertencia = cautionary.

* a modo de ejemplo = by way of illustration.

* a modo de explicación = parenthetically.

* a modo de ilustración = by way of illustration.

* a modo de inciso = in passing, by the way of (a) digression.

* a modo de paréntesis = parenthetical.

* a modo de prólogo = prefatory.

* a modo de resumen = wrap-up.

* a mogollón = aplenty [a-plenty].

* a montón = aplenty [a-plenty].

* a montones = in droves, by the sackful.

* a muchos niveles = many-levelled [many-leveled, -USA].

* a muerte = bitter, bitterly.

* a nadie le importa nada = nobody + gives a damn.

* a nivel de barrio = neighbourhood-based.

* a nivel de calle = on the ground level.

* a nivel de la calle = at ground level.

* a nivel del suelo = at ground level.

* a nivel estatal = statewide [state-wide].

* a nivel federal = federally, federally.

* a nivel individual = privately.

* a nivel local = locally, domestically.

* a nivel multicultural = multi-culturally [multiculturally].

* a nivel mundial = worldwide [world-wide], globally.

* a nivel nacional = nationally, domestically, countrywide [country-wide].

* a nivel privado = privately.

* a nivel regional = regionally.

* a nombre de = payable to.

* a no ser que = unless.

* a nosotros = us.

* a ojo = ocular.

* a ojos vista = before + Posesivo + (own two) eyes.

* a orillas del océano = oceanfront.

* a orillas del río = riverfront.

* a orillas de un lago = lakeside, lakefront, by the lakeside.

* a otro sitio = somewhere else.

* a pares = in pairs.

* a partes iguales = share and share alike, in equal measure(s).

* a partir de = on the basis of, based on, working from, from, on a diet of, in response to.

* a partir de ahora = from now on, from this point on, henceforth, as of now.

* a partir de ahora y durante + Cuantificador + años = for + Cuantificador + years to come.

* a partir de aquí = hereupon.

* a partir de ello = therefrom.

* a partir de entonces = from this time on, hereafter, thereafter, whereafter, from then on, thenceforth, henceforth, from that moment on.

* a partir de ese momento = from that moment on.

* a partir de este momento = hereinafter.

* a partir de esto = on this basis, on that basis.

* a partir de + Fecha = from + Fecha, effective + Fecha.

* a partir de hoy = as from today.

* a partir de la medianoche = late night.

* a partir de los títulos = title-based.

* a paso de tortuga = at a snail's pace.

* a paso ligero = on the double.

* a pasos agigantados = at an exponential rate, at exponential rates, by leaps and bounds.

* a pedir de boca = without a hitch.

* a pequeña escala = in a small way, small scale [small-scale].

* a perpetuidad = in perpetuity.

* a pesar de (que) = albeit (that), despite, in spite of, notwithstanding, although, despite the fact that, in spite of the fact that.

* a pesar de todo = all the same, in spite of everything, despite everything, despite it all, in spite of it all, all this said.

* a pesar de todo + Posesivo + Nombre = for all + Posesivo + Nombre.

* a petición de = at the request of, at the urging of, at the behest of.

* a petición del usuario = on demand, on request.

* a petición popular = by popular demand.

* a pie = on foot, afoot, dismounted.

* a pilas = battery-operated.

* a pique = sinking.

* a placer = at will.

* a plena luz del día = in broad daylight.

* a poca distancia = not far behind.

* a poca distancia andando = within walking distance, within an easy walk.

* a poca distancia a pie = within an easy walk, within walking distance.

* a pocos minutos andando = within walking distance, within easy walking distance, within an easy walk.

* a pocos minutos a pie = within walking distance, within easy walking distance, within an easy walk.

* a porrillo = by the handful.

* a + Posesivo + aire = to + Posesivo + heart's content.

* a + Posesivo + alcance = in the ballpark for + Pronombre, in + Posesivo + ballpark range.

* a + Posesivo + costa = at + Posesivo + expense.

* a + Posesivo + cuidado = in + Posesivo + safekeeping.

* a + Posesivo + discreción = at will, at + Posesivo + discretion.

* a + Posesivo + disposición = at + Posesivo + disposal.

* a + Posesivo + entender = to the best of + Posesivo + belief.

* a + Posesivo + espaldas = behind + Posesivo + back.

* a + Posesivo + expensas = at + Posesivo + expense.

* a + Posesivo + favor = in + Posesivo + favour, to + Posesivo + credit.

* a + Posesivo + juicio = in + Posesivo + estimation.

* a + Posesivo + manera = in + Posesivo + own way.

* a + Posesivo + saber = to the best of + Posesivo + knowledge.

* a + Posesivo + saber y entender = to the best of + Posesivo + knowledge and belief.

* a + Posesivo + servicio = at + Posesivo + service.

* a + Posesivo + sorprender = much to + Posesivo + surprise.

* a + Posesivo + vista = before + Posesivo + (own two) eyes.

* a posteriori = reactive, in retrospect, after-the-fact, hindsight, with hindsight, a posteriori, in hindsight.

* a precio de coste = at cost price, at cost.

* a precio de costo = at cost price, at cost.

* a precio de ganga = at a steal.

* a precio especial = at reduced cost, discounted, cut-rate, cut-price.

* a precio razonable = at reasonable cost(s).

* a precio reducido = at a discount.

* a precios competitivos = competitively priced.

* a precios especiales = at reduced rates, at preferential rates.

* a precios razonables = at affordable prices.

* a presión = pressurised [pressurized, -USA].

* a primera hora de la mañana = first thing in the morning.

* a primera hora de + Período del Día = first thing + Período del Día.

* a primeras horas de la tarde = late afternoon.

* a primera vista = on first acquaintance, at first sight, on first inspection, on the face of it, at first blush, at first glance, on the surface, prima facie, first-blush.

* a primeros de + Fecha = in the early + Fecha.

* a principios de + Fecha = in the early + Fecha.

* a principios de los + Década = early + Década, the.

* a priori = proactive [pro-active], foresight, a priori, on the surface.

* a prisa = quickly.

* a propósito = deliberate, for the record, incidentally, intentionally, by the way, in passing, anecdotally, purposely, by design, on purpose, wilfully [willfully, -USA], on a sidenote, studiously, by the way of (a) digression, by the by(e), speaking of which, designedly.

* a propósito de = apropos of.

* a propósito de nada = for no specific reason, for no particular reason.

* a prueba = on trial.

* a prueba de bombas = ruggedised [ruggedized, -USA], bomb-proof.

* a prueba de conejos = rabbit-proof.

* a prueba de fallos = fail-safe.

* a prueba de incendios = fireproof [fire-proof].

* a prueba de niños = childproof.

* a prueba de robos = theft proof.

* a prueba de tornados = tornado proof.

* a prueba de un tratamiento duro = ruggedised [ruggedized, -USA].

* a prueba de viento = windproof.

* a puerta cerrada = behind closed doors.

* a punta de pistola = at gunpoint.

* a punto de = on the verge of, a heartbeat away from.

* a punto de + Infinitivo = about to + Infinitivo.

* a punto de irse a pique = on the rocks.

* a punto de morir = on + Posesivo + deathbed.

* a puñados = by the sackful, by the handful.

* a quemarropa = point blank.

* a quien madruga, Dios le ayuda = the early bird catches the worm.

* a quienquiera que = whomever.

* a rachas = by fits and starts.

* a ráfagas = in bursts.

* a raíz de = in the wake of.

* a rajatabla = to the letter.

* a ras de = flush with.

* a ras de la calle = ground-floor.

* a ras del suelo = at ground level.

* a rastras = in tow.

* a ratos = intermittently.

* a reacción = jet-assisted.

* a rebosar (de) = jam-packed (with), filled to capacity.

* a regañadientes = grudgingly, grudging, begrudgingly, unwillingly, reluctantly.

* a régimen = on a diet.

* a remolque = in tow.

* a reventar (de) = jam-packed (with), filled to capacity.

* a saber = namely, viz, to wit.

* a sabiendas = knowing, knowingly, wilfully [willfully, -USA].

* a sabiendas de que = on the understanding that.

* a sacudidas = jerkily.

* a saltitos = jerky [jerkier -comp., jerkiest -sup.].

* a salvo = in a safe place, in safekeeping, out of harm's way.

* a sangre fría = cold-blooded.

* a ser posible = if possible.

* a simple vista = by the naked eye, superficially, on first thought.

* a solas = all by + Reflexivo, by + Reflexivo.

* a su debido tiempo = in due course, timely, in due time.

* a sueldo = paid.

* a su precio normal = at full price.

* a su propio ritmo = at an individual pace.

* a su tiempo = in a timely fashion, in due course, in a timely manner.

* a su vez = Verbo + further, in turn, in its/their turn.

* a tal efecto = to this effect.

* a tales efectos = hereto.

* a tarifa reducida = at reduced cost.

* a tarifas especiales = at reduced rates, at preferential rates.

* a temperatura ambiente = at room temperature.

* a tener en cuenta en el futuro = for future reference.

* a tenor de = in light of, in the face of, in the light of, in view of.

* a ti = you, thee.

* a tiempo = in timely fashion, on time, promptly, timely, just in time, in time.

* a tiempo completo = full-time.

* a tiempo parcial = part-time.

* a tientas = in the dark.

* a tientas y a ciegas = blindly, in the dark.

* a ti mismo = yourself, thyself.

* a tiro = within gunshot, within range.

* a tirones = jerky [jerkier -comp., jerkiest -sup.].

* a título de = by way of, for the sake of.

* a título gratuito = gratuitous.

* a título personal = in a personal capacity, in a private capacity.

* a toda costa = absolutely, at all costs, come what may, at any cost, at any price.

* a toda máquina = in the fast lane, fast lane, full steam ahead, at full tilt, full-tilt, full-throttle, at full throttle, at top speed, at full blast, at full speed.

* a toda marcha = at full throttle, at top speed, at full blast, at full speed, at full stretch.

* a toda mecha = at a rate of knots, full steam ahead, at full blast, at full throttle, at top speed, at full speed, at full stretch.

* a toda pasta = at a rate of knots.

* a toda pastilla = in the fast lane, on the fast track, fast lane, overdrive, full steam ahead, full-tilt, at full tilt, full-throttle, at full throttle, at a rate of knots, at top speed, at full blast, at full speed.

* a toda prueba = unswerving.

* a todas horas = at all hours, around the clock.

* a todas luces = patently.

* a todas partes = far and wide.

* a toda velocidad = full-tilt, at full tilt, full-throttle, at full throttle, at top speed, at full blast, at full speed.

* a todo alrededor = all round.

* a todo color = full-colour, in full colour.

* a todo gas = full steam ahead, full-tilt, at full tilt, full-throttle, at full throttle, at top speed, at full blast, at full speed, at full stretch.

* a todo lo largo de = the length of.

* a todo meter = full steam ahead, at full stretch, at full speed, at full blast, at top speed, at full throttle.

* a todo ritmo = in full swing, in full force, in full gear.

* a todos lados = far and wide.

* a todos los efectos = to all intents and purposes, to all intents, for all practical purposes, for all intents and purposes.

* a todos los niveles = at all levels.

* a todos nosotros = us all.

* a todos por igual = one size fits all.

* a todo vapor = full steam ahead, full-tilt, at full tilt, full-throttle, at full throttle, at top speed, at full blast, at full speed, at full stretch.

* a todo volumen = at full blast.

* a tontas y a ciegas = headlong, runaway.

* a tontas y locas = like there's no tomorrow, without rhyme or reason.

* a tope = packed to capacity, in the fast lane, fast lane, choc-a-block, chock-full, in full swing, in full gear, packed to the rafters.

* a trancas y barrancas = with great difficulty, by fits and starts.

* a través de = by way of, in the form of, through, via, out of, through the agency of.

* a través de Internet = Internet-based, Web-based, Web-supported.

* a través de la historia = over time.

* a través de la TI = IT-enabled.

* a través de la web = Web-based, Web-supported.

* a través de los años = over the years, down the years.

* a través de los ojos de = through the eyes of.

* a través de los siglos = over the centuries.

* a través del teléfono = call-in.

* a través del tiempo = over time.

* a través de operador = operator-assisted.

* a tres bandas = three pronged.

* a tres niveles = three-tiered.

* a troche y moche = like there's no tomorrow.

* a trompicones = by fits and starts.

* a tropezones = falteringly, hesitantly, haltingly, jerkily.

* a trozos = piecewise.

* ¡A tu salud! = Here's to you!.

* a última hora = at the last minute, at the eleventh hour, last minute [last-minute], at the very last minute, at the very last moment, at the very last.

* a últimas horas de la tarde = late evening.

[b]* a últ

* * *

a femenino (pl aes) ( read as [a]) the letter A, a

* * *

= for, per, to.

Ex: The fine policy matrix corresponds to the loan policy matrix, cell for cell.

Ex: Indexing can thus be achieved at a detailed level, with often many terms per document, with almost no indexing effort.

Ex: Accessibility to the documents stored in files is an important factor, so the physical storage is important.

* a + Adjetivo + escala = on a + Adjetivo + scale.

* a alguna parte = someplace.

* a alta presión = high-pressured, high-pressure.

* a altas horas de la noche = late at night.

* a ambas orillas del Atlántico = on both sides of the ocean, on both sides of the Atlantic.

* a ambos lados de = on either side of.

* a ambos lados del Altántico = on both sides of the ocean, on both sides of the Atlantic.

* a ambos lados de + Lugar = on both sides of + Lugar.

* a años luz de = light years away from.

* a bajas temperaturas = at low temperature.

* a bajo coste = low-cost.

* a bajo costo = low-cost.

* a bajo nivel = low-level.

* a bajo precio = lower-cost, at a low price, on the cheap.

* a base de = in the form of, on a diet of.

* a base de carne = meaty [meatier -comp., meatiest -sup.].

* a base de cometer errores = the hard way.

* a base de errores = the hard way.

* a boca de jarro = at close range.

* a bocajarro = point blank.

* a bombo y platillo = fanfare, with a bang.

* a bordo = aboard, on board ship.

* a bordo de = aboard, onboard.

* a bordo de un barco = shipboard, on board ship.

* a buen recaudo = in a safe place, in safekeeping.

* a caballo = on horseback, astride.

* a caballo entre = astride... and..., midway between.

* a caballo entre... y... = half way between... and....

* a caballo regalado no se le mira el diente = never look a gift horse in the mouth.

* a cada rato = every so often, every now and then, every now and again, every once in a while.

* a cambio = in return.

* a cambio de = in exchange for, in return for.

* a cambio de nada = for nothing.

* a cántaros = cats and dogs.

* a cargo = in the saddle.

* a cargo (de) = charged with, in charge (of), at the helm (of).

* a cargo de Alguien = under supervision.

* a cargo de las riendas = in the saddle.

* a cargo del ayuntamiento = local authority-run.

* a cargo del gobierno = government-operated, government-run.

* a cargo de una sola persona = one-man band.

* a cargo de voluntarios = volunteer-run.

* a chorros = profusely.

* a ciegas = blindfold, blindly, blindfolded, in the dark.

* a ciencia cierta = for sure, for certain.

* a cierta distancia = some distance away.

* a cierta distancia de = off.

* a cierta distancia de la costa = offshore.

* a cierta distancia del litoral = offshore.

* a cobro revertido = reverse charges.

* a color = multi-colour [multi-color -USA].

* a comienzos de + Expresión Temporal = early + Expresión Temporal, the.

* a comienzos de + Fecha = in the early + Fecha, in the early part of + Fecha.

* a comienzos de + Período de Tiempo = by the turn of + Período de Tiempo, at the turn of + Período de Tiempo.

* a conciencia = deliberately, wilfully [willfully, -USA], by design, on purpose.

* a condición de que + Subjuntivo = provided (that), providing (that), as long as.

* a contenido enriquecido = content-enriched.

* a continuación = next, then, in the following, herewith.

* a continuación se enumeran = given below.

* a contracorriente = against the grain.

* a contraluz = against the light.

* a contrapelo = against the grain, against the nap.

* a coro = with one voice, in unison.

* a corto plazo = before very long, short term [short-term], in the short run, short-range, at short notice, in the short term, short-run.

* a costa de = at the cost of, at the expense of, at + Nombre's + expense, at cost of.

* a costa de mucho = at (a) great expense.

* a costa de otro = at someone else's expense.

* a costa de otros = at other people's expense.

* a criterio de = at the discretion of.

* a cualquier hora = anytime, around the clock.

* a cualquier hora del día o de la noche = at any hour of the day or night, at any time of the day or night.

* a cualquier precio = at any cost, at all costs, at any price.

* a cuatro aguas = hipped.

* a cuatro patas = on all fours, on four legs.

* a cuenta de = at the expense of.

* a cuenta de la empresa = at company expense.

* a cuenta de otro = at someone else's expense.

* a cuenta de otros = at other people's expense.

* a cuenta propia = at + Posesivo + expense, at + Posesivo + own expense.

* a cuerpo de rey = the lap of luxury.

* a cuestas = in tow.

* a decir de todos = by all accounts.

* a decir verdad = to tell the truth, if the truth be known, if the truth be told, in all truth, in truth, fact is, the fact is (that), to be fair.

* a decir verdad... = the fact of the matter is that....

* a demanda = pro re nata.

* a deshora(s) = at odd times, out of hours.

* a día de hoy = as of today.

* a diario = every day.

* a diestro y siniestro = like there's no tomorrow.

* a dieta = on a diet.

* a diferencia de = apart from, as opposed to, in contradistinction to, as contrasted with, in contrast (to/with), quite apart from, in sharp contrast (with).

* a diferencia de + Nombre = unlike + Nombre.

* a diferentes niveles = multi-tiered [multitiered], multi-tier [multitier].

* a discreción = at will, no holds barred.

* a disgusto = unwillingly, reluctantly.

* a disposición de = at the disposal of.

* a distancia = remote, remotely, distantly.

* a doble espacio = double-spaced.

* a domicilio = domiciliary.

* ¿a dónde se dirige(n)...? = whither?.

* ¿a dónde va(n)...? = whither?.

* ¿a dónde vas? = quo vadis, whither thou goest.

* a dos niveles = two-tier.

* a dos velas = skint, penniless, broke.

* a duras penas = with great difficulty.

* a efectos de = in terms of, for the purpose of + Nombre.

* a efectos prácticos = to all intents and purposes, for all practical purposes, for all intents and purposes, to all intents.

* a él = him.

* a ellos = them.

* a escala = drawn-to-scale.

* a escala industrial = on an industrial scale, industrial-scale.

* a escala mundial = globally, on a global scale.

* a escala natural = full-scale.

* a escondidas = by stealth, stealthily, furtively, on the quiet, on the sly.

* a eso = thereto.

* a espaldas de = out of sight of.

* a estas alturas = by now.

* a este fin = to this end.

* a este paso = at this rate.

* a este respecto = in this respect.

* a este ritmo = at this rate.

* a estrenar = brand new.

* a examen = under the microscope.

* a excepción de = barring, except for, excepting, other than, with the exception of, short of.

* a excepción de que = except that.

* a excepción de uno = with one exception.

* a expensas de = at the expense of, at + Nombre's + expense.

* a expensas de otro = at someone else's expense.

* a expensas de otros = at other people's expense.

* a + Expresión Temporal = as of + Expresión Temporal.

* a falta de = for want of, in the absence of, in default of, for lack of, short of.

* a favor = in favour.

* a favor de = in favour of.

* a favor de la decisión personal sobre el aborto = pro-choice.

* a favor de la esclavitud = pro-slavery.

* a favor de la raza negra = pro-black [problack].

* a favor de la vida humana = pro-life.

* a favor y en contra = pro and con.

* a + Fecha = as per + Fecha.

* a finales de = by the end of, at the close of + Expresión Temporal.

* a finales de + Expresión Temporal = as of late + Expresión Temporal, at the end of + Expresión Temporal, by the close of + Expresión Temporal.

* a finales de + Fecha = in the late + Fecha, in late + Fecha.

* a finales de los + Década = late + Década, the.

* a finales del + Siglo = late + Siglo, late period of + Siglo.

* a fin de cuentas = at the end of the day, in the end, in the final count, in the grand scheme of things, when all is said and done, after all is said and done.

* a fondo = fully, thoroughly, full-scale.

* a fondo perdido = non-refundable.

* ¡a freír espárragos! = on your bike!.

* a fuerza de = by dint of.

* a fuerza de cometer errores = the hard way.

* a fuerza de errores = the hard way.

* a gas = gas-powered.

* a gatas = on all fours.

* a grandes rasgos = broadly, rough draft.

* a granel = in bulk.

* a gran escala = large scale [large-scale], massive, on a wide scale, high-volume, wide-scale, on a broad scale, in a big way, on a grand scale.

* a gran velocidad = at great speed.

* a grito limpio = at the top of + Posesivo + voice.

* a grito pelado = at the top of + Posesivo + voice.

* a gritos = vociferously.

* a groso modo = crudely.

* a grosso modo = roughly, rough draft.

* a gusto = at ease, at leisure.

* a gusto de = to the liking of, at the pleasure of.

* a horcajadas = astride.

* a hurtadillas = surreptitiously, by stealth, stealthily, furtively, on the sly.

* a imitación de lo clásico = classicising [classicizing, -USA], classicised [classicized, -USA].

* a iniciativa de = at the initiative of.

* a iniciativas del gobierno = government-led.

* a instancia de = at the urging of.

* a instancias de = at the instigation of, at the behest of, under the auspices of.

* a intervalos = at intervals.

* a intervalos + Adjetivo = at + Adjetivo + intervals.

* a intervalos semanales = at weekly intervals.

* a invitación de = at the invitation of.

* a jabón = soapy [soapier -comp., soapiest -sup.].

* a juicio = on trial.

* a juicio público = in the public eye.

* a juzgar por = to judge by, judging by, judging from.

* a la acuarela = water-coloured [water-colored, -USA].

* a la alcaldía = mayoral.

* a la altura de = of the stature of, equal to.

* a la altura de la cintura = waist high, waist deep.

* a la altura de la rodilla = knee-high.

* a la altura de los hombros = shoulder-high.

* a la anchura de los hombros = shoulder-width.

* a la anochecida = at nightfall.

* a la antigua = old-style.

* a la antigua usanza = old-style.

* a la atención de = c/o (care of).

* a la baja = on the wane.

* a la brasa = grilled.

* a la buena de Dios = out in the cold.

* a la cabeza de = in the forefront of/in.

* a la caída de la noche = at nightfall, at twilight.

* a la caída de la tarde = at twilight.

* a la carta = a la carte.

* a la defensiva = on the defensive.

* a la derecha = at the right.

* a la derecha de = on the right side of, on the right-hand side of.

* a la deriva = rudderless.

* a la discreción de = at the discretion of.

* a la disposición de Alguien = at + Posesivo + disposal.

* a la expectativa de = on the lookout for, on the alert for.

* a la + Expresión Temporal = a + Expresión Temporal.

* a la fuerza = forcefully, of necessity, forcibly, compulsorily.

* a la fuga = on the run, on the lam.

* a la hora de + Infinitivo = when it came to + Gerundio, when it comes to + Gerundio.

* a la hora de la verdad = when push comes to shove, if it comes to the crunch, when it comes to the crunch, when the worst comes to the worst, if the worst comes to the worst, when the crunch comes to the crunch, if the crunch comes to the crunch.

* a la hora del café = at coffee.

* a la intemperie = in the open, exposed.

* a la inversa = mirror-fashion, mirror image, in reverse.

* a la izquierda = at the left.

* a la larga = in the long term, over the long term, in the end, eventually, for the long pull, over a period of time, over the long haul, in the far term, ultimately, by and by.

* a la ligera = lightly.

* a la luz de = in light of, in the light of.

* a la luz de la luna = by moonlight, in the moonlight, moonlit.

* a la luz de las estrellas = by starlight.

* a la luz de las velas = by candlelight, candlelight, candlelit.

* a la luz del día = in the light of day.

* a la luz de una lámpara de gas = by gaslight.

* a la mano de = available at the fingertips of.

* a la misma altura que = in the same league as.

* a la moda = trendy [trendier -comp., trendiest -sup.].

* a la onda = in the know.

* a la opinión pública = in the public eye.

* a la par = in concert, in tandem, neck and neck, in a tandem fashion, in parallel.

* a la par que = in tandem with, hand in hand (with), as the same time as.

* a la parrilla = grilled, on the grill.

* a la perfección = superbly.

* a la plancha = griddled, on the griddle, on the hotplate.

* a largo plazo = in the long term, over the long term, long-range, in the long run, long-term, over the long run, over the long haul, long-run, in the far term, far-term.

* a la salida = on the way out.

* a la sazón = at that time.

* a las doce del mediodía = at high noon.

* a la semana = a week, per week.

* a las mil maravillas = marvellously [marvelously, -USA], famously, like a house on fire.

* a la sombra de = in the shadow of.

* a las puertas de = on the threshold of.

* a la última = hip [hipper -comp., hippest -sup.], on the fast track, hipped.

* a la vanguardia = on the cutting edge, on the leading edge, in the fast lane, on the fast track, at the leading edge, on the bleeding edge.

* a la vanguardia de = in the vanguard of, at the forefront of, in the forefront of/in, at the vanguard of.

* a la velocidad de la luz = at the speed of light.

* a la velocidad del rayo = at the speed of lightning.

* a la velocidad del sonido = at the speed of sound.

* a la venta = on release.

* a la vez = at once, at one time, at similar times, at the same time, concurrently, side-by-side, simultaneously, at the same instant, in parallel, in tandem, at the one time, in a tandem fashion, at a time, in unison.

* a la vez que = hand in hand (with), cum, in conjunction with, in unison with.

* a la vista = in sight, within sight.

* a la vista de = in light of, in the light of.

* a la vuelta de = on the return leg of.

* a la zaga = not far behind, in tow.

* al azar = lucky draw, lucky dip.

* al extremo norte = northernmost.

* al extremo oeste = westernmost.

* al hacer esto = in doing so.

* al norte del estado = upstate.

* a lo extremo = to the extreme.

* a lo grande = in a big way, big time, grandly, on a grand scale.

* a lo hecho, pecho = no use crying over spilt/spilled milk, you've made your bed, now you must lie in it!.

* a lo largo de = along, down, throughout.

* a lo largo de + Expresión Temporal = sometime + Expresión Temporal.

* a lo largo de la historia = over time.

* a lo largo de la ruta = along the way.

* a lo largo del tiempo = longitudinal, longitudinally.

* a lo largo de todo = the entire length of.

* a lo largo y ancho del país = countrywide [country-wide].

* a lo largo y ancho de + Lugar = up and down + Lugar.

* a lo lejos = in the distance.

* a lo loco = helter-skelter, like there's no tomorrow.

* a lo máximo = at best, at most, at the most.

* a lo mejor = perhaps.

* a lo que salga = come what may.

* a los ojos de = in the eyes of.

* a lo sumo = at best, at most, at the most.

* al otro lado del atlántico = across the pond.

* al otro lado del charco = across the pond.

* al otro lado del océano = across the pond.

* a lo zombi = zombielike.

* a mano = by hand, manually, nearby [near-by], handy, within reach, within easy reach.

* a mano alzada = by a show of hands.

* a mano derecha de = on the right side of, on the right-hand side of.

* a manojos = by the handful.

* a manos de = at the hands of.

* a marchas forzadas = in a rush, against the clock.

* a mares = cats and dogs.

* a más largo plazo = longer-term.

* a más..., más... = the + Comparativo..., the + Comparativo....

* a más tardar = at the latest.

* a mata caballo = in a hurry, hurried, hurriedly, helter-skelter.

* a media asta = at half-mast, at half staff.

* a mediados de = in the middle decades of.

* a mediados de + Fecha = in the mid + Fecha.

* a mediados de semana = midweek.

* a media jornada = half-time [half time].

* a media mañana = mid-morning.

* a medianoche = at midnight.

* a medias = half-hearted [halfhearted], qualified.

* a medias entre... y... = betwixt and between.

* a medida = custom, bespoke.

* a medida que + avanzar + el año = as the year + wear on.

* a medida que + avanzar + el día = as the day + wear on.

* a medida que pasaba el tiempo = as time passed (by), as time went by.

* a medida que pasa el tiempo = as time passes (by).

* a medida que pasa + Expresión Temporal = as + Expresión Temporal + go by.

* a medida que + pasar + el año = as the year + wear on.

* a medida que + pasar + el día = as the day + wear on.

* a medida que se necesite = on demand, on request, as required.

* a medida que + transcurrir + el año = as the year + wear on.

* a medida que + transcurrir + el día = as the day + wear on.

* a medio abrir = half-opened.

* a medio camino = halfway [half-way/half way].

* a medio comprender = half-understood.

* a medio formar = half-formed.

* a medio fuego = medium heat.

* a medio hacer = halfway done, half done.

* a medio plazo = medium-term, near-term, in the medium term, in the mid-term, mid-term [midterm].

* a medio rimar = half-rhymed.

* a medio vestir = half dressed.

* a menor escala = at a reduced rate.

* a menos que = unless, short of.

* a menudo = oftentimes [often times], ofttimes [oft-times].

* a merced de = at the mercy of.

* a mí = me.

* a mi entender = to my mind.

* a mi modo de ver = in my books.

* a mi parecer = to my mind, methinks, in my books.

* a mitad de = half way through, halfway through.

* a mitad de camino = halfway [half-way/half way].

* a mitad de camino entre... y... = midway between, half way between... and....

* a mitad de camino entre... y... = astride... and....

* a mitad de precio = at half price.

* a mí también me gustaría tener la misma oportunidad = turnabout is fair play.

* a modo de = by way of, in the vein of, as a kind of.

* a modo de aclaración = in parenthesis, on a sidenote.

* a modo de advertencia = cautionary.

* a modo de ejemplo = by way of illustration.

* a modo de explicación = parenthetically.

* a modo de ilustración = by way of illustration.

* a modo de inciso = in passing, by the way of (a) digression.

* a modo de paréntesis = parenthetical.

* a modo de prólogo = prefatory.

* a modo de resumen = wrap-up.

* a mogollón = aplenty [a-plenty].

* a montón = aplenty [a-plenty].

* a montones = in droves, by the sackful.

* a muchos niveles = many-levelled [many-leveled, -USA].

* a muerte = bitter, bitterly.

* a nadie le importa nada = nobody + gives a damn.

* a nivel de barrio = neighbourhood-based.

* a nivel de calle = on the ground level.

* a nivel de la calle = at ground level.

* a nivel del suelo = at ground level.

* a nivel estatal = statewide [state-wide].

* a nivel federal = federally, federally.

* a nivel individual = privately.

* a nivel local = locally, domestically.

* a nivel multicultural = multi-culturally [multiculturally].

* a nivel mundial = worldwide [world-wide], globally.

* a nivel nacional = nationally, domestically, countrywide [country-wide].

* a nivel privado = privately.

* a nivel regional = regionally.

* a nombre de = payable to.

* a no ser que = unless.

* a nosotros = us.

* a ojo = ocular.

* a ojos vista = before + Posesivo + (own two) eyes.

* a orillas del océano = oceanfront.

* a orillas del río = riverfront.

* a orillas de un lago = lakeside, lakefront, by the lakeside.

* a otro sitio = somewhere else.

* a pares = in pairs.

* a partes iguales = share and share alike, in equal measure(s).

* a partir de = on the basis of, based on, working from, from, on a diet of, in response to.

* a partir de ahora = from now on, from this point on, henceforth, as of now.

* a partir de ahora y durante + Cuantificador + años = for + Cuantificador + years to come.

* a partir de aquí = hereupon.

* a partir de ello = therefrom.

* a partir de entonces = from this time on, hereafter, thereafter, whereafter, from then on, thenceforth, henceforth, from that moment on.

* a partir de ese momento = from that moment on.

* a partir de este momento = hereinafter.

* a partir de esto = on this basis, on that basis.

* a partir de + Fecha = from + Fecha, effective + Fecha.

* a partir de hoy = as from today.

* a partir de la medianoche = late night.

* a partir de los títulos = title-based.

* a paso de tortuga = at a snail's pace.

* a paso ligero = on the double.

* a pasos agigantados = at an exponential rate, at exponential rates, by leaps and bounds.

* a pedir de boca = without a hitch.

* a pequeña escala = in a small way, small scale [small-scale].

* a perpetuidad = in perpetuity.

* a pesar de (que) = albeit (that), despite, in spite of, notwithstanding, although, despite the fact that, in spite of the fact that.

* a pesar de todo = all the same, in spite of everything, despite everything, despite it all, in spite of it all, all this said.

* a pesar de todo + Posesivo + Nombre = for all + Posesivo + Nombre.

* a petición de = at the request of, at the urging of, at the behest of.

* a petición del usuario = on demand, on request.

* a petición popular = by popular demand.

* a pie = on foot, afoot, dismounted.

* a pilas = battery-operated.

* a pique = sinking.

* a placer = at will.

* a plena luz del día = in broad daylight.

* a poca distancia = not far behind.

* a poca distancia andando = within walking distance, within an easy walk.

* a poca distancia a pie = within an easy walk, within walking distance.

* a pocos minutos andando = within walking distance, within easy walking distance, within an easy walk.

* a pocos minutos a pie = within walking distance, within easy walking distance, within an easy walk.

* a porrillo = by the handful.

* a + Posesivo + aire = to + Posesivo + heart's content.

* a + Posesivo + alcance = in the ballpark for + Pronombre, in + Posesivo + ballpark range.

* a + Posesivo + costa = at + Posesivo + expense.

* a + Posesivo + cuidado = in + Posesivo + safekeeping.

* a + Posesivo + discreción = at will, at + Posesivo + discretion.

* a + Posesivo + disposición = at + Posesivo + disposal.

* a + Posesivo + entender = to the best of + Posesivo + belief.

* a + Posesivo + espaldas = behind + Posesivo + back.

* a + Posesivo + expensas = at + Posesivo + expense.

* a + Posesivo + favor = in + Posesivo + favour, to + Posesivo + credit.

* a + Posesivo + juicio = in + Posesivo + estimation.

* a + Posesivo + manera = in + Posesivo + own way.

* a + Posesivo + saber = to the best of + Posesivo + knowledge.

* a + Posesivo + saber y entender = to the best of + Posesivo + knowledge and belief.

* a + Posesivo + servicio = at + Posesivo + service.

* a + Posesivo + sorprender = much to + Posesivo + surprise.

* a + Posesivo + vista = before + Posesivo + (own two) eyes.

* a posteriori = reactive, in retrospect, after-the-fact, hindsight, with hindsight, a posteriori, in hindsight.

* a precio de coste = at cost price, at cost.

* a precio de costo = at cost price, at cost.

* a precio de ganga = at a steal.

* a precio especial = at reduced cost, discounted, cut-rate, cut-price.

* a precio razonable = at reasonable cost(s).

* a precio reducido = at a discount.

* a precios competitivos = competitively priced.

* a precios especiales = at reduced rates, at preferential rates.

* a precios razonables = at affordable prices.

* a presión = pressurised [pressurized, -USA].

* a primera hora de la mañana = first thing in the morning.

* a primera hora de + Período del Día = first thing + Período del Día.

* a primeras horas de la tarde = late afternoon.

* a primera vista = on first acquaintance, at first sight, on first inspection, on the face of it, at first blush, at first glance, on the surface, prima facie, first-blush.

* a primeros de + Fecha = in the early + Fecha.

* a principios de + Fecha = in the early + Fecha.

* a principios de los + Década = early + Década, the.

* a priori = proactive [pro-active], foresight, a priori, on the surface.

* a prisa = quickly.

* a propósito = deliberate, for the record, incidentally, intentionally, by the way, in passing, anecdotally, purposely, by design, on purpose, wilfully [willfully, -USA], on a sidenote, studiously, by the way of (a) digression, by the by(e), speaking of which, designedly.

* a propósito de = apropos of.

* a propósito de nada = for no specific reason, for no particular reason.

* a prueba = on trial.

* a prueba de bombas = ruggedised [ruggedized, -USA], bomb-proof.

* a prueba de conejos = rabbit-proof.

* a prueba de fallos = fail-safe.

* a prueba de incendios = fireproof [fire-proof].

* a prueba de niños = childproof.

* a prueba de robos = theft proof.

* a prueba de tornados = tornado proof.

* a prueba de un tratamiento duro = ruggedised [ruggedized, -USA].

* a prueba de viento = windproof.

* a puerta cerrada = behind closed doors.

* a punta de pistola = at gunpoint.

* a punto de = on the verge of, a heartbeat away from.

* a punto de + Infinitivo = about to + Infinitivo.

* a punto de irse a pique = on the rocks.

* a punto de morir = on + Posesivo + deathbed.

* a puñados = by the sackful, by the handful.

* a quemarropa = point blank.

* a quien madruga, Dios le ayuda = the early bird catches the worm.

* a quienquiera que = whomever.

* a rachas = by fits and starts.

* a ráfagas = in bursts.

* a raíz de = in the wake of.

* a rajatabla = to the letter.

* a ras de = flush with.

* a ras de la calle = ground-floor.

* a ras del suelo = at ground level.

* a rastras = in tow.

* a ratos = intermittently.

* a reacción = jet-assisted.

* a rebosar (de) = jam-packed (with), filled to capacity.

* a regañadientes = grudgingly, grudging, begrudgingly, unwillingly, reluctantly.

* a régimen = on a diet.

* a remolque = in tow.

* a reventar (de) = jam-packed (with), filled to capacity.

* a saber = namely, viz, to wit.

* a sabiendas = knowing, knowingly, wilfully [willfully, -USA].

* a sabiendas de que = on the understanding that.

* a sacudidas = jerkily.

* a saltitos = jerky [jerkier -comp., jerkiest -sup.].

* a salvo = in a safe place, in safekeeping, out of harm's way.

* a sangre fría = cold-blooded.

* a ser posible = if possible.

* a simple vista = by the naked eye, superficially, on first thought.

* a solas = all by + Reflexivo, by + Reflexivo.

* a su debido tiempo = in due course, timely, in due time.

* a sueldo = paid.

* a su precio normal = at full price.

* a su propio ritmo = at an individual pace.

* a su tiempo = in a timely fashion, in due course, in a timely manner.

* a su vez = Verbo + further, in turn, in its/their turn.

* a tal efecto = to this effect.

* a tales efectos = hereto.

* a tarifa reducida = at reduced cost.

* a tarifas especiales = at reduced rates, at preferential rates.

* a temperatura ambiente = at room temperature.

* a tener en cuenta en el futuro = for future reference.

* a tenor de = in light of, in the face of, in the light of, in view of.

* a ti = you, thee.

* a tiempo = in timely fashion, on time, promptly, timely, just in time, in time.

* a tiempo completo = full-time.

* a tiempo parcial = part-time.

* a tientas = in the dark.

* a tientas y a ciegas = blindly, in the dark.

* a ti mismo = yourself, thyself.

* a tiro = within gunshot, within range.

* a tirones = jerky [jerkier -comp., jerkiest -sup.].

* a título de = by way of, for the sake of.

* a título gratuito = gratuitous.

* a título personal = in a personal capacity, in a private capacity.

* a toda costa = absolutely, at all costs, come what may, at any cost, at any price.

* a toda máquina = in the fast lane, fast lane, full steam ahead, at full tilt, full-tilt, full-throttle, at full throttle, at top speed, at full blast, at full speed.

* a toda marcha = at full throttle, at top speed, at full blast, at full speed, at full stretch.

* a toda mecha = at a rate of knots, full steam ahead, at full blast, at full throttle, at top speed, at full speed, at full stretch.

* a toda pasta = at a rate of knots.

* a toda pastilla = in the fast lane, on the fast track, fast lane, overdrive, full steam ahead, full-tilt, at full tilt, full-throttle, at full throttle, at a rate of knots, at top speed, at full blast, at full speed.

* a toda prueba = unswerving.

* a todas horas = at all hours, around the clock.

* a todas luces = patently.

* a todas partes = far and wide.

* a toda velocidad = full-tilt, at full tilt, full-throttle, at full throttle, at top speed, at full blast, at full speed.

* a todo alrededor = all round.

* a todo color = full-colour, in full colour.

* a todo gas = full steam ahead, full-tilt, at full tilt, full-throttle, at full throttle, at top speed, at full blast, at full speed, at full stretch.

* a todo lo largo de = the length of.

* a todo meter = full steam ahead, at full stretch, at full speed, at full blast, at top speed, at full throttle.

* a todo ritmo = in full swing, in full force, in full gear.

* a todos lados = far and wide.

* a todos los efectos = to all intents and purposes, to all intents, for all practical purposes, for all intents and purposes.

* a todos los niveles = at all levels.

* a todos nosotros = us all.

* a todos por igual = one size fits all.

* a todo vapor = full steam ahead, full-tilt, at full tilt, full-throttle, at full throttle, at top speed, at full blast, at full speed, at full stretch.

* a todo volumen = at full blast.

* a tontas y a ciegas = headlong, runaway.

* a tontas y locas = like there's no tomorrow, without rhyme or reason.

* a tope = packed to capacity, in the fast lane, fast lane, choc-a-block, chock-full, in full swing, in full gear, packed to the rafters.

* a trancas y barrancas = with great difficulty, by fits and starts.

* a través de = by way of, in the form of, through, via, out of, through the agency of.

* a través de Internet = Internet-based, Web-based, Web-supported.

* a través de la historia = over time.

* a través de la TI = IT-enabled.

* a través de la web = Web-based, Web-supported.

* a través de los años = over the years, down the years.

* a través de los ojos de = through the eyes of.

* a través de los siglos = over the centuries.

* a través del teléfono = call-in.

* a través del tiempo = over time.

* a través de operador = operator-assisted.

* a tres bandas = three pronged.

* a tres niveles = three-tiered.

* a troche y moche = like there's no tomorrow.

* a trompicones = by fits and starts.

* a tropezones = falteringly, hesitantly, haltingly, jerkily.

* a trozos = piecewise.

* ¡A tu salud! = Here's to you!.

* a última hora = at the last minute, at the eleventh hour, last minute [last-minute], at the very last minute, at the very last moment, at the very last.

* a últimas horas de la tarde = late evening.

* a últ

* * *

a

prep

La preposición a suele emplearse precedida de ciertos verbos como empezar, ir, oler, sonar etc, en cuyo caso ver bajo el respectivo verbo.

No se traduce cuando introduce el complemento directo de persona (ser humano, pronombres personales que lo representan como quien, alguien, etc) o un nombre con un objeto o animal personalizado: amo a mi patria = I love my country, pasear al perro = to walk the dog.

En los casos en que precede al artículo definido el para formar la contracción al, ver bajo la siguiente entrada, donde también se encontrarán otros ejemplos y usos de a.

A (en relaciones de espacio, lugar)

1 (indicando dirección) to

voy a México/a la fiesta I'm going to Mexico/to the party

voy a casa I'm going home

dobla a la derecha turn right

se cayó al río she fell into the river

ver tb entrar, llegar, etc

2 (indicando posición) at

estaban sentados a la mesa they were sitting at the table

a orillas del Ebro on the banks of the Ebro

se sentó al sol he sat in the sun

se sentó a mi derecha he sat down to the right of me o on my right

a la vuelta de la esquina around the corner

queda al norte de Toledo it's (to the) north of Toledo

ver tb costado, lado

3

(indicando distancia): está a diez kilómetros de aquí it's ten kilometers from here, it's ten kilometers away

está a unos 20 minutos de aquí it takes o it's about 20 minutes from here, it's a 20 minute drive ( o walk etc) from here

B (en relaciones de tiempo)

1 (señalando hora, momento, fecha) at

abren a las ocho they open at eight o'clock

¿a qué hora vengo? what time shall I come?

a eso de las dos at around o about two o'clock

a la hora del almuerzo at lunchtime

a mediados de abril in mid-April

hoy estamos a 20 it's the 20th today

al día siguiente the next o following day

empezó a hablar a los diez meses he started talking when he was ten months old o at ten months

llegó a la mañana/noche ( RPl); he arrived in the morning/at night

2 al + INF:

se cayó al bajar del autobús she fell as she was getting off the bus

al verlo me di cuenta de que ya no lo quería when I saw him o on seeing him, I realized that I no longer loved him

al salir de la estación torcí a la izquierda I turned left out of the station

3

(indicando distancia en el tiempo): a escasos minutos de su llegada (después) just a few minutes after she arrived; (antes) just a few minutes before she arrived

trabajan de lunes a viernes/de una a cinco they work (from) Monday to Friday/from one to five

a los diez minutos del primer tiempo ten minutes into the first half o after ten minutes of the first half

estaré en París de martes a jueves I'll be in Paris from Tuesday until Thursday, I'll be in Paris Tuesday through Thursday ( AmE)

C

(en relaciones de proporción, equivalencia): tres veces al día/a la semana three times a day/a week

sale a 2.000 euros por cabeza it works out at 2,000 euros per person

iban a 100 kilómetros por hora they were going (at) 100 kilometers per hour

nos ganaron cinco a tres they beat us by five points to three, they beat us five three o ( AmE) five to three

D

(indicando modo, estilo): fuimos a pie/a caballo we walked/rode, we went on foot/on horseback

pollo al horno/a la brasa roast/barbecued chicken

un peinado a lo Rodolfo Valentino a Rudolph Valentino hairstyle

a crédito on credit

ilustraciones a todo color full-color illustrations

una tela a rayas a piece of striped material

E (en complementos verbales)

1

(introduciendo el complemento directo de persona): ¿viste a José? did you see José?

la policía está buscando al asesino the police are looking for the murderer

no he leído a Freud I haven't read (any) Freud

[ the personal a is only used when a specific person or persons are involved

busca una secretaria bilingüe he's looking for a bilingual secretary

]

2

(introduciendo el complemento indirecto): le escribió una carta a su padre he wrote a letter to his father, he wrote his father a letter

dáselo/dáselos a ella give it/them to her

les enseña inglés a mis hijos she teaches my children English

suave al tacto soft to the touch

agradable al oído pleasing to the ear

3

(indicando procedencia): se lo compré a una gitana I bought it from o ( colloq) off a gipsy

F

1 (en complementos de finalidad) to

enséñale a nadar teach him to swim

fue a preguntar he went to ask

a que + SUBJ:

los instó a que participaran he urged them to take part

voy a ir a que me hagan un chequeo I'm going to go and have a checkup

2 ( fam)

(para): ¿a qué tanta ceremonia? what's all the fuss for?

¿a qué le fuiste a decir eso? what did you go and tell him that for?

3

a por ( Esp fam): bajo a por pan I'm going down to get some bread o for some bread ( colloq)

¿quién va a ir a por los niños? who's going to fetch o get the children?

¡a por ello! go for it!

G (señalando una acción que ha de realizarse) a + INF:

los puntos a tratar en la reunión de mañana the points to be discussed at tomorrow's meeting

es una idea a tener en cuenta it's an idea to bear in mind o that should be borne in mind

total a pagar total payable

horario a convenir hours to be arranged

H

1

(en órdenes): ¡a la cama, niños! off to bed, children!

¡a callar! shut up! ( colloq)

vamos ¡a trabajar! come on, let's get some work done!

2 (con valor condicional) a + INF:

a decir verdad to tell you the truth

a juzgar por lo que tú dices judging from what you say

3 ( fam)

(en cuanto a): a tozudo no hay quien le gane when it comes to being stubborn there's nobody like him

4

(indicando causa): a petición del interesado ( frml); at the request of the interested party

al + INF:

al no saber idiomas está en desventaja as he doesn't speak any languages he is at a disadvantage, he's at a disadvantage not speaking any languages

5

(expresando desafío): ¿a que no sabes qué nota me puso? you'll never guess what mark she gave me!

tú no te atreverías — ¿a que sí? you wouldn't dare — do you want to o a bet? ( colloq)

¡a que no puedes! bet you can't! ( colloq)

* * *

Multiple Entries:
A
a
A,
◊ a sustantivo femenino (pl aes) (read as /a/) the letter A, a

a preposición Nota:
La preposición a suele emplearse precedida de ciertos verbos como empezar, ir, oler, sonar etc, en cuyo caso ver bajo el respectivo verbo.No se traduce cuando introduce el complemento directo de persona (ser humano, pronombres personales que lo representan, como quien, alguien, algún etc) o un nombre con un objeto o animal personalizado: amo a mi patria = I love my country, paseo a mi perro = I walk my dog.En los casos en que precede al artículo definido el para formar la contracción al, ver bajo la siguiente entrada, donde también se encontrarán otros ejemplos y usos de a.
1
a) ( indicando dirección) to;

◊ voy a México/la tienda I'm going to Mexico/to the shop;

voy a casa I'm going home;
se cayó al río she fell into the river
b) ( indicando posición):

◊ estaban sentados a la mesa they were sitting at the table;

a orillas del Ebro on the banks of the Ebro;
se sentó al sol he sat in the sun;
se sentó a mi derecha he sat down on my right
c) ( indicando distancia):

◊ a diez kilómetros de aquí ten kilometers from here

2
a) (señalando hora, momento) at;

◊ a las ocho at eight o'clock;

a la hora de comer at lunch time;
¿a qué hora vengo? what time shall I come?;
a mediados de abril in mid-April;
al día siguiente the next o following day
b) ( señalando fecha):

◊ hoy estamos a lunes/a 20 today is Monday/it's the 20th today

c) al + inf:

◊ se cayó al bajar del tren she fell as she was getting off the train;

al enterarse de la noticia when he learnt o on learning the news
d) ( indicando distancia en el tiempo):

◊ a escasos minutos de su llegada ( después) a few minutes after she arrived;

( antes) a few minutes before she arrived;
◊ de lunes a viernes (from) Monday to Friday

3 (en relaciones de proporción, equivalencia):
◊ tres veces al día three times a day;

sale a 100 euros cada uno it works out at 100 euros each;
a 100 kilómetros por hora (at) 100 kilometers per hour;
nos ganaron cinco a tres they beat us five three o (AmE) five to three
4 (indicando modo, medio, estilo):
◊ a pie/a caballo on foot/on horseback;

a crédito on credit;
funciona a pilas it runs on batteries;
a mano by hand;
a rayas striped;
vestirse a lo punk to wear punk clothes
5
a) ( introduciendo el complemento directo de persona):

◊ ¿viste a José? did you see José?;

no he leído a Freud I haven't read (any) Freud
b) ( introduciendo el complemento indirecto) to;

◊ le escribió una carta a su padre he wrote a letter to his father, he wrote his father a letter;

dáselo a ella give it to her;
les enseña inglés a mis hijos she teaches my children English;
le echó (la) llave a la puerta she locked the door
c) ( indicando procedencia):

◊ se lo compré a una gitana I bought it from o (colloq) off a gipsy

A, a f (letra) A
'A' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
a. C.
- a.m.
- abajeña
- abajeño
- abanderada
- abanderado
- abandonar
- abandonada
- abandonado
- abanico
- abarquillada
- abarquillado
- abarrotada
- abarrotado
- abasto
- abatida
- abatido
- abatirse
- abdicar
- aberración
- abertura
- abierta
- abierto
- abigarrada
- abigarrado
- abigarrar
- ablandar
- ablusada
- ablusado
- abnegada
- abnegado
- abobada
- abobado
- abocada
- abocado
- abogacía
- abogada
- abogado
- abombada
- abombado
- abonar
- abonada
- abonado
- abonarse
- abono
- abordar
- abordaje
- aborregar
- abortar
- abortiva
English:
A
- A-level
- a.m.
- abandon
- abandoned
- abide by
- ability
- abject
- abnormal
- aboard
- aborigine
- abortion
- abortive
- about
- above
- above-board
- above-mentioned
- abrasive
- abreast
- abridged
- abrupt
- absent
- absent-minded
- absolute
- absolutely
- absorbed
- abstemious
- abstract
- absurd
- abundant
- abuse
- abusive
- abysmal
- academic
- academy
- accede
- accent
- acceptable
- access
- accident-prone
- accidental
- accidentally
- acclimatized
- accommodate
- accommodation
- accomplish
- accomplished
- account
- account for
- accountable

* * *

A

1. (abrev de autopista) Br M, US freeway

2. (abrev de alfil) [en notación de ajedrez] B

A, a [a] nf
[letra] A, a;
Comp

si por a o por be… if for any reason…

* * *

a

prp

1 dirección to;

al este de to the east of;

a casa home;

ir a la cama/al cine go to bed/to the movies;

¡a trabajar! get to work!;

vamos a Buenos Aires we’re going to Buenos Aires;

voy a casa de Marta I’m going to Marta’s (house)

2 situación at;

a la mesa at the table;

al lado de next to;

a la derecha on the right;

al sol in the sun;

a treinta kilómetros de Cuzco thirty kilometers from Cuzco;

está a cinco kilómetros it’s five kilometers away

3 tiempo

:

¿a qué hora llegas? what time do you arrive?;

a las tres at three o’clock;

de once a doce from eleven (o’clock) to twelve;

estamos a quince de febrero it’s February fifteenth;

a los treinta años at the age of thirty;

a la llegada del tren when the train arrives

4 modo

:

a la española the Spanish way;

a mano by hand;

a pie on foot;

a 50 kilómetros por hora at fifty kilometers an hour

5 precio

:

¿a cómo o

cuánto está? how much is it?;

están a dos pesos el kilo they are two pesos a kilo

6 objeto indirecto

:

dáselo a tu hermano give it to your brother

7 objeto directo

:

vi a mi padre I saw my father

8 en perífrasis verbal

:

empezar a begin to;

jugar a las cartas play cards;

decidirse a hacer algo decide to do sth;

voy a comprarlo I’m going to buy it;

a decir verdad to tell the truth

9 para introducir pregunta

:

¿a que no lo sabes? I bet you don’t know;

a ver OK, right;

a ver lo que pasa ahora let’s see what happens now

(a)

abr (= alias) aka (= also known as)

* * *

a nf

: first letter of the Spanish alphabet

a prep

1) : to

nos vamos a México: we're going to Mexico

2) (used before direct or indirect objects referring to persons)

¿llamaste a tu papá?: did you call your dad?

como a usted le guste: as you wish

3) : in the manner of

papas a la francesa: french fries

4) : on, by means of

a pie: on foot

5) : per, each

tres pastillas al día: three pills per day

6) (with infinitive)

enséñales a leer: teach them to read

problemas a resolver: problems to be solved

* * *

a prep

1. (dirección) to

voy al colegio I'm going to school

fueron al cine they went to the cinema

vamos a casa let's go home

gira a la derecha turn right

2. (posición) at

te esperaré a la salida I'll wait for you at the exit

hay un buzón al final de la calle there's a postbox at the end of the road

está a la izquierda it's on the left

3. (distancia) away

está a un kilómetro de aquí it's one kilometre from here / it's one kilometre away

vivimos a 20 kilómetros we live 20 kilometres away

4. (tiempo) at

llegaron a las cinco they arrived at 5 o'clock

a la hora de comer at lunchtime

estamos a 17 it's the 17th today

abrimos de 9 a 5 we open from 9 to 5

5. (distribución, cantidad, medida, precio) a / at

dos veces al año twice a year

a 120 kilómetros por hora at 120 kilometres per hour

tocamos a 1.000 cada uno it works out at 1,000 each

las fresas están a 400 pesetas el kilo strawberries are 400 pesetas a kilo

ganaron dos a uno they won two one

6. (modo)

fui a pie I walked / I went on foot

escrito a máquina typewritten

hecho a mano handmade / made by hand

7. (complemento directo)

llama a tu hermano phone your brother

¿has visto a Iván? have you seen Iván?

8. (complemento indirecto en general) to

he escrito una carta a mi amiga I've written a letter to my friend

dámelo a mí give it to me

9. (para) for

les compré unos caramelos a los niños I bought some sweets for the children

10. (de) from

se lo compré a mi vecino I bought it from my neighbour

Spanish-English dictionary > a
13 controlar

v.

1 to control.

Pedro controla su vida al fin Peter controls his life at last.

María controla a sus hijos con lástima Mary controls her kids through pity.

2 to check.

3 to watch, to keep an eye on.

4 to take over, to control.

María controla los negocios Mary takes over business.

* * *

controlar

► verbo transitivo

1 (gen) to control

2 (comprobar) to check

► verbo pronominal controlarse

1 (moderarse) to control oneself

* * *

verb

1) to control

2) monitor

* * *

1. VT

1) (=dominar) [+ situación, emoción, balón, vehículo, inflación] to control

los rebeldes controlan ya todo el país — the rebels now control the whole country, the rebels are now in control of the whole country

mis padres quieren controlarme la vida — my parents want to control my life

no pudo controlar el impulso de pegarle — he couldn't control the urge to hit him

medidas para controlar la calidad — quality-control measures

los bomberos consiguieron controlar el fuego — the firefighters managed to bring the fire under control

no controlo muy bien ese tema — * I'm not very hot on that subject *

2) (=vigilar)

inspectores para controlar el proceso electoral — observers to monitor the electoral process

deberías controlar tu peso — you should watch your weight

contrólame al niño mientras yo estoy fuera — * can you keep an eye on the child while I'm out

estoy encargado de controlar que todo salga bien — I'm responsible for checking o seeing that everything goes well

controla que no hierva el café — * make sure the coffee doesn't boil, see that the coffee doesn't boil

3) (=regular) to control

este termostato controla la temperatura — this thermostat controls the temperature

2.

VI *

he bebido tanto que ya no controlo — I've drunk so much I can't see straight *

3.

See:

controlarse

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

1) ( dominar) <nervios/impulsos/persona> to control

controlamos la situación — we are in control of the situation

el incendio fue rápidamente controlado — the fire was quickly brought under control

pasaron a controlar la empresa — they took control of the company

2) ( vigilar) <inflación/proceso> to monitor

controlar el peso/la línea — to watch one's weight/one's waistline

deja de controlar todos mis gastos — stop checking up on how much I spend

me tienen muy controlada — they keep a close watch on me

controlar las entradas y salidas — to keep a check on everyone who comes in or out

controlé el tiempo que me llevó — I timed how long it took me

3) ( regular) <presión/inflación> to control
2.
controlarse v pron

1) ( dominarse) to control oneself

si no se controla acabará alcoholizado — if he doesn't get a grip on himself he's going to become an alcoholic

2) ( vigilar) <peso/colesterol> to check, monitor

* * *

= control, get + command of, govern, keep + a rein on, keep within + bounds, monitor, regulate, peg, police, master, command, scourge, keep down + Nombre, stem + the tide of, bring under + control, hold in + line, gain + control (over/of), get + a grip on, hold + the reins of, corral, check up on, keep + tabs on, wield + control, hold + sway (over), wiretap [wire-tap], hold + the line, keep + a tight hold on, take + control of, stay on top of, stay in + control, rein in, hold + Nombre + in.

Ex. These fields control the access to the main record and are all fixed length fields.

Ex. The great storyteller, FC Sayers, having advised the beginner to 'steep himself in folklore until the elemental themes are part of himself,' explains how best to get command of a tale.

Ex. It is not sufficient merely to describe the processes that govern the creation and generation of indexing and abstracting data.

Ex. Cases keep discussion grounded on certain persistent facts that must be faced, and keep a realistic rein on airy flights of academic speculation.

Ex. Costs can be kept within reasonable bounds if a method appropriate to the specific application is chosen.

Ex. Ideally it should be possible to include some form of student assessment or to monitor the student's progress.

Ex. Built into each operator are sets of instructions to the computer which regulate where the term must appear in the printed entries generated from the string, typefaces, and necessary punctuation.

Ex. After a couple of months, I had his overall behavior pretty well pegged.

Ex. For many centuries local authorities have been responsible for policing Weights and Measures Acts and regulations and, where a breach of legislation was uncovered, would prosecute in the criminal court.

Ex. The library director strove to master his frustration.

Ex. Very few engravers commanded the necessary artistry.

Ex. The reference librarian must always resist an impulse to be glib; he must scourge and throttle his vanity; he must reach a conclusion rather than begin with it.

Ex. Activities such as gardening or cookery are dealt with in many books in ways which go far beyond the simple keeping down of weeds or just filling empty stomachs.

Ex. This article discusses some strategies that are being developed to stem the tide of losses caused worldwide by piracy.

Ex. But the unions were able to add their weight to the authority of the parliamentary investigators in bringing the worst excesses of unregulated apprenticeship and of working conditions under control = No obstante, los sindicatos pudieron reforzar la autoridad de los investigadores parlamentarios para controlar los peores excesos que se cometían en el aprendizaje de un oficio y las condiciones laborales sin regularizar.

Ex. The library staff consists of 6 professional librarians and 11 clerical workers, all of whom are held firmly in line by the forceful personality of the director, a retired military colonel.

Ex. Gradually many of these conquerors came to realize that, although military might was necessary to gain control over an area, sheer force of arms was not sufficient to govern effectively.

Ex. The article ' Getting a grip on change' argues that only by confronting the challenges and inevitability of change can libraries retain their relevancy in the information age.

Ex. This trend may also be explained by the hegemony of those who hold the reins of international publication.

Ex. The article is entitled 'Microfilm retrieval system corrals paper flood for Ameritech publishing'.

Ex. The physical effort of keeping tabs on people as well as the distasteful practice of checking up on staff output achieves nothing and may do considerable damage.

Ex. The physical effort of keeping tabs on people as well as the distasteful practice of checking up on staff output achieves nothing and may do considerable damage.

Ex. Influence and control is currently wielded by sterile professionals who are blind to the need to develop services beyond print.

Ex. This ideology appealed widely to the librarian as well as the library user and held sway for nearly a quarter of a millennium when, in 1841, a catalytic event in the history of cataloging took place.

Ex. The implementation of this system would enable law enforcement agencies to wiretap all digital communication.

Ex. The standpatters argue, and the progressives agree, that the tax line must be held in the interest of attracting industry = Los conservadores proponen y los progresistas están de acuerdo en que se deben contener los impuestos para atraer a la industria.

Ex. A study of telly-addicts has found that in 45 per cent of homes mums keep a tight hold on the remote control.

Ex. Five years after they took control of war-ravaged Afghanistan, reconstruction remains a job half done.

Ex. Adapting to change -- and staying on top of the changes -- is a huge key to success in industry.

Ex. This section of the book is all about how to stay in control of your personal information.

Ex. If librarians hope to rein in escalating periodical prices, they must become more assertive consumers.

Ex. The longer a fart is held in, the larger the proportion of inert nitrogen it contains, because the other gases tend to be absorbed into the bloodstream through the walls of the intestine.

----

* controlar aún más = tighten + Posesivo + grip on.

* controlar el presupuesto = control + the purse strings.

* controlar la economía = control + the purse strings.

* controlar las finanzas = control + the purse strings.

* controlar la situación = tame + the beast.

* controlar los gastos = control + costs, contain + costs.

* controlarlo todo = have + a finger in every pie.

* controlarse = command + Reflexivo, pace.

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

1) ( dominar) <nervios/impulsos/persona> to control

controlamos la situación — we are in control of the situation

el incendio fue rápidamente controlado — the fire was quickly brought under control

pasaron a controlar la empresa — they took control of the company

2) ( vigilar) <inflación/proceso> to monitor

controlar el peso/la línea — to watch one's weight/one's waistline

deja de controlar todos mis gastos — stop checking up on how much I spend

me tienen muy controlada — they keep a close watch on me

controlar las entradas y salidas — to keep a check on everyone who comes in or out

controlé el tiempo que me llevó — I timed how long it took me

3) ( regular) <presión/inflación> to control
2.
controlarse v pron

1) ( dominarse) to control oneself

si no se controla acabará alcoholizado — if he doesn't get a grip on himself he's going to become an alcoholic

2) ( vigilar) <peso/colesterol> to check, monitor

* * *

= control, get + command of, govern, keep + a rein on, keep within + bounds, monitor, regulate, peg, police, master, command, scourge, keep down + Nombre, stem + the tide of, bring under + control, hold in + line, gain + control (over/of), get + a grip on, hold + the reins of, corral, check up on, keep + tabs on, wield + control, hold + sway (over), wiretap [wire-tap], hold + the line, keep + a tight hold on, take + control of, stay on top of, stay in + control, rein in, hold + Nombre + in.

Ex: These fields control the access to the main record and are all fixed length fields.

Ex: The great storyteller, FC Sayers, having advised the beginner to 'steep himself in folklore until the elemental themes are part of himself,' explains how best to get command of a tale.

Ex: It is not sufficient merely to describe the processes that govern the creation and generation of indexing and abstracting data.

Ex: Cases keep discussion grounded on certain persistent facts that must be faced, and keep a realistic rein on airy flights of academic speculation.

Ex: Costs can be kept within reasonable bounds if a method appropriate to the specific application is chosen.

Ex: Ideally it should be possible to include some form of student assessment or to monitor the student's progress.

Ex: Built into each operator are sets of instructions to the computer which regulate where the term must appear in the printed entries generated from the string, typefaces, and necessary punctuation.

Ex: After a couple of months, I had his overall behavior pretty well pegged.

Ex: For many centuries local authorities have been responsible for policing Weights and Measures Acts and regulations and, where a breach of legislation was uncovered, would prosecute in the criminal court.

Ex: The library director strove to master his frustration.

Ex: Very few engravers commanded the necessary artistry.

Ex: The reference librarian must always resist an impulse to be glib; he must scourge and throttle his vanity; he must reach a conclusion rather than begin with it.

Ex: Activities such as gardening or cookery are dealt with in many books in ways which go far beyond the simple keeping down of weeds or just filling empty stomachs.

Ex: This article discusses some strategies that are being developed to stem the tide of losses caused worldwide by piracy.

Ex: But the unions were able to add their weight to the authority of the parliamentary investigators in bringing the worst excesses of unregulated apprenticeship and of working conditions under control = No obstante, los sindicatos pudieron reforzar la autoridad de los investigadores parlamentarios para controlar los peores excesos que se cometían en el aprendizaje de un oficio y las condiciones laborales sin regularizar.

Ex: The library staff consists of 6 professional librarians and 11 clerical workers, all of whom are held firmly in line by the forceful personality of the director, a retired military colonel.

Ex: Gradually many of these conquerors came to realize that, although military might was necessary to gain control over an area, sheer force of arms was not sufficient to govern effectively.

Ex: The article ' Getting a grip on change' argues that only by confronting the challenges and inevitability of change can libraries retain their relevancy in the information age.

Ex: This trend may also be explained by the hegemony of those who hold the reins of international publication.

Ex: The article is entitled 'Microfilm retrieval system corrals paper flood for Ameritech publishing'.

Ex: The physical effort of keeping tabs on people as well as the distasteful practice of checking up on staff output achieves nothing and may do considerable damage.

Ex: The physical effort of keeping tabs on people as well as the distasteful practice of checking up on staff output achieves nothing and may do considerable damage.

Ex: Influence and control is currently wielded by sterile professionals who are blind to the need to develop services beyond print.

Ex: This ideology appealed widely to the librarian as well as the library user and held sway for nearly a quarter of a millennium when, in 1841, a catalytic event in the history of cataloging took place.

Ex: The implementation of this system would enable law enforcement agencies to wiretap all digital communication.

Ex: The standpatters argue, and the progressives agree, that the tax line must be held in the interest of attracting industry = Los conservadores proponen y los progresistas están de acuerdo en que se deben contener los impuestos para atraer a la industria.

Ex: A study of telly-addicts has found that in 45 per cent of homes mums keep a tight hold on the remote control.

Ex: Five years after they took control of war-ravaged Afghanistan, reconstruction remains a job half done.

Ex: Adapting to change -- and staying on top of the changes -- is a huge key to success in industry.

Ex: This section of the book is all about how to stay in control of your personal information.

Ex: If librarians hope to rein in escalating periodical prices, they must become more assertive consumers.

Ex: The longer a fart is held in, the larger the proportion of inert nitrogen it contains, because the other gases tend to be absorbed into the bloodstream through the walls of the intestine.

* controlar aún más = tighten + Posesivo + grip on.

* controlar el presupuesto = control + the purse strings.

* controlar la economía = control + the purse strings.

* controlar las finanzas = control + the purse strings.

* controlar la situación = tame + the beast.

* controlar los gastos = control + costs, contain + costs.

* controlarlo todo = have + a finger in every pie.

* controlarse = command + Reflexivo, pace.

* * *

controlar [A1 ]

vt

A (dominar)

1 ‹nervios/impulsos/emociones› to control; ‹persona/animal› to control

controlamos la situación we are in control of the situation, we have the situation under control

el incendio fue rápidamente controlado por los bomberos the firemen quickly got o brought the fire under control

controlan ahora toda la zona they now control o they are now in control of the whole area

pasaron a controlar la empresa they took control of the company

2 ( fam); ‹tema› to know about

estos temas no los controlo I don't know anything about these things, I'm not too well up on o hot on these things ( colloq)

B

(vigilar): tiene que controlar su peso he has to watch o check o ( frml) monitor his weight

deja de controlar todos mis gastos stop checking up on how much I spend the whole time

me tienen muy controlada they keep a close watch o they keep tabs on everything I do, they keep me on a very tight rein

el portero controlaba las entradas y salidas the porter kept a check on everyone who came in or out

controlé el tiempo que me llevó I timed myself o how long it took me

C (regular) to control

este mecanismo controla la presión this mechanism regulates o controls the pressure

medidas para controlar la inflación measures to control inflation o to bring inflation under control

D ( Dep) (en doping) to administer a test to

fue controlado positivo tras su victoria he tested positive after his victory

lo controlaron negativo he was tested negative

■ controlarse

v pron

A (dominarse) to control oneself

si no se controla acabará alcoholizado if he doesn't get a grip o a hold on himself he's going to become an alcoholic

B (vigilar) ‹peso/colesterol› to check, watch, monitor ( frml)

se controla el peso regularmente she checks her weight regularly, she keeps a regular check on her weight

* * *

Multiple Entries:
controlar
controlar algo
controlar ( conjugate controlar) verbo transitivo
1 ‹nervios/impulsos/persona› to control;
‹ incendio› to bring … under control;
◊ controlamos la situación we are in control of the situation;

pasaron a controlar la empresa they took control of the company
2 ‹inflación/proceso› to monitor;
‹ persona› to keep a check on;
◊ controlar el peso/la línea to watch one's weight/one's waistline;

controlé el tiempo que me llevó I timed how long it took me
3 ( regular) ‹presión/inflación› to control
controlarse verbo pronominal ( dominarse) to control oneself;
( vigilar) ‹peso/colesterol› to check, monitor
controlar verbo transitivo
1 to control
2 (comprobar) to check
' controlar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
dominar
- fraude
- manejar
- potingue
- sujetar
- contener
English:
control
- grip
- hold down
- manage
- monitor
- regiment
- spot-check
- stamp out
- check
- discipline
- help
- unruly

* * *

controlar

♦ vt

1. [dominar] to control;

controlar la situación to be in control of the situation;

la empresa controla el 30 por ciento del mercado the company controls 30 percent of the market;

los bomberos todavía no han conseguido controlar el incendio firefighters have still not managed to bring the fire under control;

medidas para controlar los precios measures to control prices

2. [comprobar, verificar] to check;

controla el nivel del aceite check the oil level;

controlan continuamente su tensión arterial they are continuously monitoring his blood pressure

3. [vigilar] to watch, to keep an eye on;

la policía controla todos sus movimientos the police watch his every move;

nos controlan la hora de llegada they keep a check on when we arrive;

controla que no se cuele nadie see o make sure that no one Br jumps the queue o US cuts in line

♦ vi
Fam [saber] to know;
Rosa controla un montón de química Rosa knows loads about chemistry

♦ See also the pronominal verb controlarse

* * *

controlar

v/t

1 control

2 ( vigilar) check

* * *

controlar vt

1) : to control

2) : to monitor, to check

* * *

controlar vb

1. (dominar) to control [pt. & pp. controlled]

controló la situación he controlled the situation

2. (comprobar) to check

un programa que controla los errores de ortografía a program that checks spelling mistakes

Spanish-English dictionary > controlar
14 dominar

v.

1 to control (controlar) (pasión, nervios, caballo).

era imposible dominar el vehículo it was impossible to maintain control of the vehicle

2 to overcome.

lo dominaba el deseo irrefrenable de besarla he was overcome by an irresistible desire to kiss her

3 to master (conocer) (técnica, tema).

domina varias lenguas she speaks various languages fluently

ha conseguido dominar el inglés en pocos meses he managed to acquire a good command of English within a few months

4 to overlook.

desde aquí se domina todo Bilbao you can see the whole of Bilbao from here

5 to predominate.

6 to dominate, to domineer, to bestride, to have sway over.

El tirano domina al pueblo The tyrant dominates the people.

Ella domina su ira She dominates her anger.

7 to tower above, to dominate.

El cerro domina el horizonte The hill dominates the horizon.

8 to have the control, to dominate, to have ascendancy, to have the ascendancy.

Ella domina She has the control.

9 to calm down forcibly, to calm down.

10 to take over.

* * *

dominar

► verbo transitivo

1 (tener bajo dominio) to dominate

2 (avasallar) to domineer

3 (controlar) to control, restrain

■ dominar los nervios to control one's nerves

4 (conocer a fondo) to master

■ domina el inglés she has a good command of English

5 (ver) to overlook, dominate

■ el jardín domina toda la playa the garden has a commanding view of the whole beach

► verbo intransitivo

1 (ser superior) to dominate

2 (destacar) to stand out

■ domina mucho el rojo red is the predominant colour

3 (predominar) to predominate

■ en esta fiesta dominan las mujeres there are mostly women at this party

► verbo pronominal dominarse

1 (controlarse) to control oneself, restrain oneself

* * *

verb

1) to dominate

2) master

3) prevail

•

- dominarse

* * *

1. VT

1) (=controlar) [+ población, territorio] to dominate; [+ países] to rule, rule over; [+ adversario] to overpower; [+ caballo] to control

le domina la envidia — he is ruled by envy

el tenista español dominó todo el set — the Spanish tennis player dominated the whole set

2) (=contener) [+ incendio, epidemia] to check, bring under control; [+ rebelión] to put down, suppress; [+ pasión] to control, master; [+ nervios, emoción] to control; [+ dolor] to overcome

3) [+ técnica, tema] to master

domina bien la materia — she has a good grasp of the subject

domina cuatro idiomas — he's fluent in four languages

4) (=estar por encima de)

la catedral domina toda la ciudad — the cathedral dominates o towers above the whole town

desde el castillo se domina toda la vega — from the castle you can look out over the whole plain

2. VI

1) [edificio] to tower

2) (=predominar) [color, rasgo] to stand out; [opinión, tendencia] to predominate

3.

See:

dominarse

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

a) ( controlar) <nación/territorio/persona> to dominate; <pasión/cólera> to control; <vehiculo/caballo> to control

dominado por la ambición/los celos — ruled by ambition/consumed by jealousy

la policía dominó la situación en todo momento — the police had the situation under control at all times

b) < idioma> to have a good command of; <tema/asignatura> to know... very well

no domino el tema — I'm no expert on the subject

quería llegar a dominar el inglés — she wanted to master English

domina un amplio vocabulario — she has a wide vocabulary

c) ( abarcar con la vista)

desde allí se domina toda la bahía — there's a view over the whole bay from there

d) montaña/torre to dominate
2.
dominar vi color/tendencia to predominate; opinión to prevail; equipo to dominate

el tema que dominó en las negociones — the subject which dominated the talks
3.
dominarse v pron persona to restrain o control oneself

* * *

= dominate, dominate + the scene, get + command of, tame, subdue, master, command, conquer, preponderate, overtake, overlook, gain + control (over/of), get + a grip on, tower above/over, pervade, hold + sway (over), be king, lord over, lord it over, keep + a tight hold on.

Ex. The ideology advocated by Panizzi has since dominated not only Anglo-American but Western cataloging generally.

Ex. This may have something to do with the absence of CABx, who seem to have dominated the scene in other states.

Ex. The great storyteller, FC Sayers, having advised the beginner to 'steep himself in folklore until the elemental themes are part of himself,' explains how best to get command of a tale.

Ex. The problem reside in the fact that they environment we seek to tame and control is an open, unstructured dynamic process, while human organizations are static and highly resistant to change.

Ex. Anyway, experience had taught him that a subordinate who attempts to subdue a superordinate is almost always lost; the superordinate has too many advantages in such a contest.

Ex. The library director strove to master his frustration.

Ex. Very few engravers commanded the necessary artistry.

Ex. The tools and technologies provided by the Internet enable scholars to communicate or disseminate information in ways which conquer the barriers of time and space.

Ex. The indexing languages used in science and technology were first in the field, and still preponderate, both in areas covered and in number.

Ex. E-Books, while a curiosity and a lot of fun, do not seem to be overtaking the mass market.

Ex. In this sense the British Council libraries may be seen as a window, overlooking the British Isles, their virtues and characteristics.

Ex. Gradually many of these conquerors came to realize that, although military might was necessary to gain control over an area, sheer force of arms was not sufficient to govern effectively.

Ex. The article ' Getting a grip on change' argues that only by confronting the challenges and inevitability of change can libraries retain their relevancy in the information age.

Ex. Prague represents a unique collection of historical monuments dominated by Prague Castle towering high above the city.

Ex. I strongly believe that we must cultivate a more positive attitude towards change in the field of library work, and that this attitude must pervade all levels of librarianship.

Ex. This ideology appealed widely to the librarian as well as the library user and held sway for nearly a quarter of a millennium when, in 1841, a catalytic event in the history of cataloging took place.

Ex. Despite the electronics invasion, books are still king, and book fairs keeps on growing every year.

Ex. She argues that the way yeoman farmers lorded over their wives and dependents was similar to the way wealthy planters lorded over their slaves.

Ex. They believe that the main use for government is for some people to lord it over others at their expense.

Ex. A study of telly-addicts has found that in 45 per cent of homes mums keep a tight hold on the remote control.

----

* dominar a Alguien = have + Nombre + under + Posesivo + thumb, bring + Nombre + under + Posesivo + sway.

* dominar aún más = tighten + Posesivo + grip on.

* dominar el miedo = conquer + fear.

* dominar la situación = tame + the beast.

* dominar por completo = sweep + the board.

* dominar una destreza = master + skill.

* dominar una técnica = master + technique.

* la mano que mece la cuna es la mano que domina el mundo = the hand that rocks the cradle rules the world.

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

a) ( controlar) <nación/territorio/persona> to dominate; <pasión/cólera> to control; <vehiculo/caballo> to control

dominado por la ambición/los celos — ruled by ambition/consumed by jealousy

la policía dominó la situación en todo momento — the police had the situation under control at all times

b) < idioma> to have a good command of; <tema/asignatura> to know... very well

no domino el tema — I'm no expert on the subject

quería llegar a dominar el inglés — she wanted to master English

domina un amplio vocabulario — she has a wide vocabulary

c) ( abarcar con la vista)

desde allí se domina toda la bahía — there's a view over the whole bay from there

d) montaña/torre to dominate
2.
dominar vi color/tendencia to predominate; opinión to prevail; equipo to dominate

el tema que dominó en las negociones — the subject which dominated the talks
3.
dominarse v pron persona to restrain o control oneself

* * *

= dominate, dominate + the scene, get + command of, tame, subdue, master, command, conquer, preponderate, overtake, overlook, gain + control (over/of), get + a grip on, tower above/over, pervade, hold + sway (over), be king, lord over, lord it over, keep + a tight hold on.

Ex: The ideology advocated by Panizzi has since dominated not only Anglo-American but Western cataloging generally.

Ex: This may have something to do with the absence of CABx, who seem to have dominated the scene in other states.

Ex: The great storyteller, FC Sayers, having advised the beginner to 'steep himself in folklore until the elemental themes are part of himself,' explains how best to get command of a tale.

Ex: The problem reside in the fact that they environment we seek to tame and control is an open, unstructured dynamic process, while human organizations are static and highly resistant to change.

Ex: Anyway, experience had taught him that a subordinate who attempts to subdue a superordinate is almost always lost; the superordinate has too many advantages in such a contest.

Ex: The library director strove to master his frustration.

Ex: Very few engravers commanded the necessary artistry.

Ex: The tools and technologies provided by the Internet enable scholars to communicate or disseminate information in ways which conquer the barriers of time and space.

Ex: The indexing languages used in science and technology were first in the field, and still preponderate, both in areas covered and in number.

Ex: E-Books, while a curiosity and a lot of fun, do not seem to be overtaking the mass market.

Ex: In this sense the British Council libraries may be seen as a window, overlooking the British Isles, their virtues and characteristics.

Ex: Gradually many of these conquerors came to realize that, although military might was necessary to gain control over an area, sheer force of arms was not sufficient to govern effectively.

Ex: The article ' Getting a grip on change' argues that only by confronting the challenges and inevitability of change can libraries retain their relevancy in the information age.

Ex: Prague represents a unique collection of historical monuments dominated by Prague Castle towering high above the city.

Ex: I strongly believe that we must cultivate a more positive attitude towards change in the field of library work, and that this attitude must pervade all levels of librarianship.

Ex: This ideology appealed widely to the librarian as well as the library user and held sway for nearly a quarter of a millennium when, in 1841, a catalytic event in the history of cataloging took place.

Ex: Despite the electronics invasion, books are still king, and book fairs keeps on growing every year.

Ex: She argues that the way yeoman farmers lorded over their wives and dependents was similar to the way wealthy planters lorded over their slaves.

Ex: They believe that the main use for government is for some people to lord it over others at their expense.

Ex: A study of telly-addicts has found that in 45 per cent of homes mums keep a tight hold on the remote control.

* dominar a Alguien = have + Nombre + under + Posesivo + thumb, bring + Nombre + under + Posesivo + sway.

* dominar aún más = tighten + Posesivo + grip on.

* dominar el miedo = conquer + fear.

* dominar la situación = tame + the beast.

* dominar por completo = sweep + the board.

* dominar una destreza = master + skill.

* dominar una técnica = master + technique.

* la mano que mece la cuna es la mano que domina el mundo = the hand that rocks the cradle rules the world.

* * *

dominar [A1 ]

vt

1 (controlar) ‹nación/territorio› to dominate; ‹persona› to dominate; ‹pasión/cólera› to control

tiene a los niños totalmente dominados she has the children well under her thumb o under control

dominado por la ambición ruled by ambition

dominado por los celos consumed by jealousy

no logró dominar su ira she couldn't contain o control her anger

el equipo que dominó el encuentro the team which dominated the match

no logró dominar el vehículo/caballo he couldn't get control of the vehicle/horse

la policía dominó la situación en todo momento the police had the situation under control at all times

2 ‹tema/idioma›

no domino el tema I'm no expert on the subject

domina el francés she has a good command of French

nunca voy a poder dominar el inglés I'll never be able to master English

3

(abarcar con la vista): desde allí se domina toda la bahía there's a view over the whole bay from there, from there you can look out over the whole bay

4 «montaña/torre» to dominate

■ dominar

vi

«color/tendencia» to predominate; «opinión» to prevail

el tema que dominó en las negociones the subject which dominated the talks

el equipo visitante dominó durante el segundo tiempo the visitors dominated the second half o were on top in the second half

■ dominarse

v pron

«persona» to restrain o control oneself

* * *

dominar ( conjugate dominar) verbo transitivo
a) ( controlar) ‹nación/territorio/persona› to dominate;

‹pasión/cólera› to control;
‹vehículo/caballo› to control;
◊ dominado por la ambición/los celos ruled by ambition/consumed by jealousy

b) ‹ idioma› to have a good command of;

‹tema/asignatura› to know … very well
c) ( abarcar con la vista):

◊ desde allí se domina toda la bahía there's a view over the whole bay from there

verbo intransitivo [color/tendencia] to predominate;
[ opinión] to prevail;
[ equipo] to dominate
dominarse verbo pronominal [ persona] to restrain o control oneself
dominar
I verbo transitivo
1 (un pueblo, país) to dominate, rule
2 (contener, controlar) to control
3 (conocer perfectamente: un idioma) to speak very well
(: un asunto, una actividad) to master
4 (con la vista) to overlook
II verbo intransitivo
1 to dominate
2 (un color, una característica) to stand out
' dominar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
abarcar
- imperar
- imponerse
- vencer
- conocer
- dejar
- reducir
- someter
- sujetar
English:
control
- curb
- dominate
- hold down
- master
- overpower
- pervade
- restrain
- subdue
- sway
- tower
- over
- rule

* * *

dominar

♦ vt

1. [controlar] [país, territorio, pueblo] to dominate, to rule (over);
[persona, caballo] to control; [emociones, nervios] to control, to keep under control; [situación] to be in control of; [incendio, epidemia] to bring under control; [rebelión] to put down; [partido] to dominate;
la guerrilla domina toda esta zona guerrillas control this entire area;

la policía logró dominar a los alborotadores the police managed to bring the troublemakers under control;

tiene al marido dominado she has her husband under her thumb;

era imposible dominar el vehículo it was impossible to maintain control of the vehicle;

no supo dominar sus nervios she couldn't control her nervousness;

el equipo local dominó el partido en todo momento the local team dominated the game from the beginning

2. [sujeto: pasión, nervios, emociones] to overcome;

lo dominaba el deseo irrefrenable de besarla he was overcome by an irresistible desire to kiss her

3. [ser experto en] [técnica, tema] to master;
[lengua] to be fluent in;
domina a la perfección los temas de contabilidad he has a perfect mastery of accounting;

domina varias lenguas she speaks various languages fluently;

ha conseguido dominar el inglés en pocos meses he managed to acquire a good command of English in a few months;

¡cómo domina el balón! what great ball control!

4. [divisar] to overlook;

desde aquí se domina todo Bilbao you can see the whole of Bilbao from here

5. [destacar por encima de] to dominate;

el castillo domina el pueblo the castle dominates the town

♦ vi
[predominar] to predominate;
una zona donde domina el voto socialista an area with a predominantly socialist vote

♦ See also the pronominal verb dominarse

* * *

dominar

I v/t

1 persona, mercado dominate

2 idioma have a good command of

II v/i dominate

* * *

dominar vt

1) : to dominate

2) : to master, to be proficient at

dominar vi

: to predominate, to prevail

♦ See also the reflexive verb dominarse

* * *

dominar vb

1. (en general) to dominate

el presidente domina el comité the chairman dominates the committee

el equipo domina el fútbol internacional the team dominates international football

la catedral domina la ciudad the cathedral dominates the city

2. (tener bajo poder) to rule over

el ejército domina el norte del país the army rules over the north of the country

3. (controlar) to control

tiene que dominar su genio he has to control his temper

4. (contener) to bring under control [pt. & pp. brought]

dominaron el incendio forestal they brought the forest fire under control

5. (idioma) to be fluent in

domina tres idiomas she's fluent in three languages

6. (otras materias) to be good at / to be an expert on

domina la informática he's a computer expert

Spanish-English dictionary > dominar
15 estropeado

adj.

broken-down, spoilt, busted, crippled.

past part.

past participle of spanish verb: estropear.

* * *

ADJ

1) (=averiado) [lavadora, televisor] broken; [ascensor, vehículo] broken down

tengo estropeado el vídeo — the video is not working o has gone wrong o is broken

2) (=dañado) [piel] damaged; [carne, fruta] off

este jersey está ya muy estropeado — this jumper is falling apart now

los muebles están muy estropeados — the furniture is in very poor condition

3) [persona]

a) (=afeado)

la encontré muy estropeada después del parto — she looked the worse for wear after the birth

lo he visto muy estropeado últimamente — he's been looking a real wreck lately *

b) (=envejecido)

está muy estropeada para su edad — she looks much older than she is, she looks pretty worn out for her age

* * *

- da adjetivo

esos zapatos están muy estropeados — those shoes are falling apart

lo encontré muy estropeado — I thought he looked a wreck (colloq); ver tb estropear

* * *

= damaged, tatty [tattier -comp., tattiest -sup.], ruined.

Ex. A replacement for the damage bar-code label can be made by using the replace label function.

Ex. Putting books on show is a way of making recommendations by, as it were, remote control and anything tatty, botched-up and sloppily makeshift should be avoided.

Ex. The beach is a ruined landscape, eerily quiet, save for the hum of mechanical diggers searching for yet more corpses.

----

* estar estropeado = be kaput.

* mercancía estropeada = damaged goods.

* * *

- da adjetivo

esos zapatos están muy estropeados — those shoes are falling apart

lo encontré muy estropeado — I thought he looked a wreck (colloq); ver tb estropear

* * *

= damaged, tatty [tattier -comp., tattiest -sup.], ruined.

Ex: A replacement for the damage bar-code label can be made by using the replace label function.

Ex: Putting books on show is a way of making recommendations by, as it were, remote control and anything tatty, botched-up and sloppily makeshift should be avoided.

Ex: The beach is a ruined landscape, eerily quiet, save for the hum of mechanical diggers searching for yet more corpses.

* estar estropeado = be kaput.

* mercancía estropeada = damaged goods.

* * *

estropeado -da

adjective

no te pongas esos zapatos, están muy estropeados don't wear those shoes, they're falling apart

lo encontré muy estropeado I thought he looked a wreck ( colloq)

ver tb estropear

* * *

Del verbo estropear: ( conjugate estropear)

estropeado es:

el participio

Multiple Entries:
estropeado
estropear
estropeado
◊ -da adjetivo: estar estropeado [zapato/sillón] to be falling apart;

[motor/coche] to be broken down;
ver tb
◊ estropear

estropear ( conjugate estropear) verbo transitivo
1
a) ‹aparato/mecanismo› to damage, break;

‹ coche› to damage
b) ( malograr) ‹plan/vacaciones› to spoil, ruin

2 (deteriorar, dañar) ‹ piel› to damage, ruin;
‹ juguete› to break;
‹ ropa› to ruin;
◊ el calor estropeó la fruta the heat made the fruit go bad

estropearse verbo pronominal
1
a) ( averiarse) [motor/coche] to break down;

◊ la lavadora está estropeada the washing machine is broken

b) [plan/vacaciones] to go wrong

2 ( deteriorarse) [ fruta] to go bad;
[leche/pescado] to go off;
[zapatos/chaqueta] to get ruined
estropear verbo transitivo
1 (causar daños) to damage: hemos estropeado la impresora porque usamos el papel equivocado, we have ruined the printer because we used the wrong kind of paper
2 (frustrar, malograr) to spoil, ruin: ¡lo has estropeado todo con tus meteduras de pata!, you've ruined everything with your big mouth!
3 (una máquina) to break
' estropeado' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
apolillada
- apolillado
- cascada
- cascado
- estropear
- estropearse
- fastidiada
- fastidiado
- jodida
- jodido
- lamentable
- pasada
- pasado
- deshecho
English:
action
- dud
- soiled
- spoilt
- battered
- tatty

* * *

estropeado, -a adj

1. [averiado] broken

2. [dañado] damaged

3. [echado a perder] ruined, spoiled

4. [envejecido] aged;

la vi muy estropeada I thought she had aged a lot

* * *

estropeado

adj ( averiado) broken;

está muy estropeada fig she is really showing her age

Spanish-English dictionary > estropeado
16 irrelevancia

f.

1 unimportance, insignificance.

2 irrelevance, unimportance, immateriality, irrelevancy.

* * *

= irrelevance, unimportance.

Ex. Moreover, the perpetuation in certain quarters in the UK of the image of the Community as a remote interfering irrelevance is assisted by the general level of ignorance on Community matters.

Ex. A large problem with old age stems from a feeling of worthlessness and unimportance.

----

* coeficiente de irrelevancia = fallout ratio.

* índice de irrelevancia = fallout, fallout ratio.

* tasa de irrelevancia = fallout ratio.

* * *

= irrelevance, unimportance.

Ex: Moreover, the perpetuation in certain quarters in the UK of the image of the Community as a remote interfering irrelevance is assisted by the general level of ignorance on Community matters.

Ex: A large problem with old age stems from a feeling of worthlessness and unimportance.

* coeficiente de irrelevancia = fallout ratio.

* índice de irrelevancia = fallout, fallout ratio.

* tasa de irrelevancia = fallout ratio.

* * *

irrelevancia nf

unimportance, insignificance

Spanish-English dictionary > irrelevancia
17 mostrador

m.

1 counter.

mostrador de información/facturación information/check-in desk

2 display counter, display.

3 check-in desk.

4 reception desk, counter.

5 bar.

6 high counter.

* * *

mostrador

► nombre masculino

1 (de tienda) counter; (de bar) bar

* * *

noun m.

counter

* * *

SM

1) [de tienda] counter; [de café, bar] bar; [de oficina, biblioteca] desk

mostrador de caja — cash desk

mostrador de facturación — check-in desk

mostrador de tránsito — transit desk

2) [de reloj] face, dial

3) ** (=pecho) tits *** pl

* * *

masculino ( en tienda) counter; ( en bar) bar; ( en aeropuerto) check-in desk

* * *

= counter, reception desk, service desk, public service desk, service counter.

Ex. Arrangements vary, but one possibility is to place more popular books near to the counter, and less popular subjects in more remote areas of the library.

Ex. This article discusses planning for automation within the library building, particularly the physical layout of the reception desk.

Ex. The system works best at small branches with only one service desk and an integrated collection.

Ex. Information service quality largely depends on the person at the public service desk who should have no qualms about working with people of any age, minority group, religious or socio-economic background.

Ex. It was decided, for example, that service counters should serve fewer readers that in the round reading room at the BL Reference Division.

----

* mostrador de atención al público = service desk, public service desk, service counter.

* mostrador de atención al usuario = service area.

* mostrador de ayuda = help desk [helpdesk].

* mostrador de circulación = circulation desk.

* mostrador de facturación = check-in desk.

* mostrador de información = information desk, enquiry desk.

* mostrador de inscripción = registration desk.

* mostrador de préstamo = circulation desk, control counter, check-out desk, library issue desk, front desk.

* mostrador de préstamos = issue desk, issue counter.

* mostrador de recepción = reception desk.

* mostrador de referencia = reference desk, enquiry point, inquiry point.

* mostrador de seguridad = security desk.

* mostrador virtual de referencia = virtual reference desk (VRD).

* personal del mostrador = counter staff.

* personal del mostrador de préstamo = counter staff.

* * *

masculino ( en tienda) counter; ( en bar) bar; ( en aeropuerto) check-in desk

* * *

= counter, reception desk, service desk, public service desk, service counter.

Ex: Arrangements vary, but one possibility is to place more popular books near to the counter, and less popular subjects in more remote areas of the library.

Ex: This article discusses planning for automation within the library building, particularly the physical layout of the reception desk.

Ex: The system works best at small branches with only one service desk and an integrated collection.

Ex: Information service quality largely depends on the person at the public service desk who should have no qualms about working with people of any age, minority group, religious or socio-economic background.

Ex: It was decided, for example, that service counters should serve fewer readers that in the round reading room at the BL Reference Division.

* mostrador de atención al público = service desk, public service desk, service counter.

* mostrador de atención al usuario = service area.

* mostrador de ayuda = help desk [helpdesk].

* mostrador de circulación = circulation desk.

* mostrador de facturación = check-in desk.

* mostrador de información = information desk, enquiry desk.

* mostrador de inscripción = registration desk.

* mostrador de préstamo = circulation desk, control counter, check-out desk, library issue desk, front desk.

* mostrador de préstamos = issue desk, issue counter.

* mostrador de recepción = reception desk.

* mostrador de referencia = reference desk, enquiry point, inquiry point.

* mostrador de seguridad = security desk.

* mostrador virtual de referencia = virtual reference desk (VRD).

* personal del mostrador = counter staff.

* personal del mostrador de préstamo = counter staff.

* * *

mostrador

masculine

(en una tienda) counter; (en un bar) bar; (en un aeropuerto) check-in desk

mostrador de tránsito transfer desk

* * *

mostrador sustantivo masculino ( en tienda) counter;
( en bar) bar;
( en aeropuerto) check-in desk
mostrador m (de comercio) counter
(de cafetería) bar
Av mostrador de facturación, check-in desk
' mostrador' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
camarero
- desatender
- información
English:
bar
- check-in
- counter
- desk
- information desk
- transfer desk
- ticket

* * *

mostrador nm
[en tienda] counter; [en bar] bar; [en aeropuerto] desk; RP [encimera] worktop
Comp
mostrador de caja cash desk;
mostrador de facturación check-in desk;

mostrador de información information desk

* * *

mostrador

m en tienda, banco etc counter; en bar bar; Rpl

en cocina worktop

* * *

mostrador nm

: counter (in a store)

* * *

mostrador n counter

Spanish-English dictionary > mostrador
18 nuevo

adj.

new, modern, recent, novel.

* * *

nuevo

► adjetivo

1 new

2 (adicional) further

► nombre masculino,nombre femenino

1 newcomer (principiante) beginner; (universidad) fresher (US freshman)

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

de nuevo again

coger a alguien de nuevas to take somebody by surprise

estar (como) nuevo,-a (objeto) to be as good as new 2 (persona) to feel like new, feel as good as new

hacerse de nuevas to pretend not to know

¿qué hay de nuevo? familiar what's new?

* * *

(f. - nueva)

adj.

new

- de nuevo

* * *

ADJ

1) (=no usado) new

ha presentado su nueva película — he launched his new film

la casa es nueva — the house is new

la casa está nueva — the house is as good as new

como nuevo: estos pantalones están como nuevos — these trousers are just like new

con una mano de pintura quedará como nuevo — it'll look like new after a coat of paint

después de una buena siesta quedarás como nuevo — you'll feel like new after a good nap

- no hay nada nuevo bajo el sol

2) (=recién llegado) new

es nuevo en el oficio — he's new to the trade

es nuevo en la ciudad — he's new to the town

soy nuevo en el colegio — I'm new at the school

3)

de nuevo — (=otra vez) again

tuve que leer el libro de nuevo — I had to read the book again

* * *

- va adjetivo

1)

a) [ser] <coche/casa/trabajo> new

b) (delante del n) <intento/cambio> further

ha surgido un nuevo problema — another o a further problem has arisen

c) [ser] <estilo/enfoque> new

¿qué hay de nuevo? — (fam) what's new? (colloq)

d) [estar] ( no desgastado) as good as new

todavía lo tengo nuevecito or (CS) nuevito — it's still as good as new

- nueva ola

- nuevas tecnologías

- nuevo rico -va rica

- Nuevo Testamento

2)

de nuevo — again

* * *

= emerging, fresh, new [newer -comp., newest -sup.], renewed, rising, unfamiliar, unworn, emergent, fledging, fledgling [fledgeling], uncharted, unchartered, brand new, ever-new, up-and-coming, new found [new-found/newfound], evolving, changing.

Ex. We have too much invested for us to assume any longer that we can, by sheer force of will, temper their influence on emerging standards.

Ex. This is a fresh avenue of approach to classification, and shows some promise.

Ex. The label contains information about the record, indicating, for instance, its length, status, for example, new, amended, type and class.

Ex. This article calls on libraries to forge a renewed national commitment to cooperate in the building of a national information network for scholarly communications.

Ex. It is not enough to train the rising generation to meet their new responsibilities, for irreversible decisions must be made before they come to maturity.

Ex. We are used to background noise in air conditioned buildings but the introduction of additional and unfamiliar sounds from AV equipment may be disturbing.

Ex. A printer who wanted to achieve a sharp impression from unworn type of even height to paper would put hard rather than soft packing in the tympan.

Ex. Books for emergent readers should facilitate the acquisition of these concepts.

Ex. Venture capitalists funded fledging companies in the early days of information technology some of which went on to dominate the market.

Ex. This article describes the experiences of a fledgling information system in dealing with a hurricane which wreaked devastation on some of the most remote areas of Hawaii = Este artículo describe las experiencias de un sistema de información nuevo al verse afectado por un huracán que devastó algunas de las zonas más remotas de Hawaii.

Ex. News of boundless timber reserves spread, and before long lumberjacks from the thinning hardwood forests of New England swarmed into the uncharted area with no other possessions than their axes and brawn and the clothing they wore.

Ex. This author agrees that the facts listed above are unchartered.

Ex. Information on small, sometimes brand new, companies in the chemical and biotechnology industries is often difficult to find.

Ex. He was then able to compare sources that made correlations possible and raised ever-new questions.

Ex. The journal kept me in touch with the established authors in the field but also the new, up-and-coming writers.

Ex. This could help readers gain a newfound appreciation of each others' childhood through books.

Ex. One of the objectives is to produce a statement of the role of the Library in the evolving national information program over the next five to seven years.

Ex. These are the kinds of problems that characteristically arise in the complex and continually changing milieu of libraries and media and information centers.

----

* abrir nuevas fronteras = forge + new frontiers.

* abrir nuevas posibilidades = open up + new territory, open up + possibilities, open + possibilities.

* abrir nuevos caminos = break + new ground, push + Nombre + into new latitudes, break + ground, blaze + trail.

* abrir nuevos horizontes = open + new realms, forge + new frontiers.

* abrir nuevos mercados = branch into.

* activo de nuevo = up and about.

* adquirir una nueva dimensión = take on + new dimension.

* adquirir un nuevo significado = take on + new dimension.

* alfombrar de nuevo = recarpet [re-carpet].

* analizar de nuevo = reexamine [re-examine].

* añadir una nueva dimensión = add + new dimension.

* Año Nuevo = New Year.

* apoyar de nuevo = reendorse.

* aprender de nuevo = relearn.

* asumir una nueva faceta = take on + new dimension.

* Bolsa de Valores de Nueva York = New York Stock Exchange (NYSE).

* borrón y cuenta nueva = a fresh start, clean slate, new leaf.

* búsqueda de nuevos genes = gene-harvesting.

* cobrar nuevo entusiasmo = develop + renewed enthusiasm.

* colocar de nuevo en los estantes = reshelve [re-shelve].

* comenzar de nuevo = start + all over again, recommence, make + a new start, start over, make + a fresh start.

* comenzar una nueva vida = make + a new life for + Reflexivo.

* como nuevo = in mint condition, in tip-top condition, in tip-top form.

* compañía de nueva creación = startup [start-up].

* concebirse desde una nueva perspectiva = stand in + a new light.

* convocar de nuevo = reconvene.

* crear de nuevo = recreate [re-create].

* dar a Algo una nueva dimensión = take + Nombre + into a new dimension.

* dar a Algo una nueva perspectiva = give + Nombre + a new twist.

* dar nueva forma = reformat [re-format].

* dar nueva vida = give + Nombre + new life, give + a second life.

* dar un nuevo acabado = refinish.

* dar un nuevo impulso = pep up.

* dar un nuevo nombre = rename.

* de aspecto nuevo = new-looking.

* de nueva ola = new-wave.

* de nuevas formas = in new ways.

* de nuevas maneras = in new ways.

* de nuevo = again, once again, yet again, afresh, anew, all over again, redux, over again.

* de nuevo en este caso = here again.

* de nuevo en pie = up and about.

* de nuevos modos = in new ways.

* desarrollo de nuevos productos = product development.

* de una nueva forma = in a new way.

* de una nueva manera = in a new way.

* de un nuevo modo = in a new way.

* el nuevo aspecto de = the changing face of, the changing nature of.

* empezar de nuevo = a fresh start, start over, make + a fresh start.

* empezar una nueva etapa en la vida = turn over + a new page, turn over + a new leaf.

* empresa de nueva creación = this sort of thing, startup [start-up].

* enseñar de nuevo = retrain [re-train].

* entrada de nuevo = re-entry [reentry].

* enviar de nuevo = resend [re-send].

* explorar nuevos horizontes = move on to + pastures new.

* hacer borrón y cuenta nueva = start with + a clean slate, turn over + a new leaf.

* hacerlo de nuevo = go and do it again.

* hasta nuevo aviso = until further notice.

* idea nueva = fresh idea.

* infundir nueva vida a = breathe + (new) life into.

* inscribir de nuevo = reregister.

* intentar de nuevo = retry [re-try].

* introducir de nuevo = re-enter [reenter].

* ir con la nueva ola = ride + wave.

* lista de nuevas adquisiciones = acquisitions list.

* llevar a Algo a una nueva dimensión = take + Nombre + into a new dimension.

* luna nueva = new moon.

* mencionar de nuevo = restate [re-state].

* mencionar de nuevo innecesariamente = belabour [belabor, -USA].

* mostrar de nuevo = redisplay.

* nacido de nuevo = born again.

* Nueva Brunswick = New Brunswick.

* nueva edición = new edition.

* nueva era = new age.

* Nueva Escocia = Nova Scotia.

* nueva evaluación = reappraisal.

* Nueva Gales del Sur = New South Wales.

* Nueva Guinea = New Guinea.

* nueva idea = reform idea.

* Nueva Inglaterra = New England.

* nueva lectura = rereading [re-reading].

* nueva línea = linefeed.

* Nueva Ola, la = New Wave, the.

* Nueva Orleans = New Orleans.

* nueva perspectiva = new light.

* nueva promesa = rising star.

* nueva redacción = redraft, rewrite [re-write].

* nuevas fronteras = new horizons.

* nueva tirada = rerun.

* nueva versión = upgrade, remake.

* nueva vida = greener pastures, pastures new.

* nueva visita = return visit.

* Nueva York = New York (NY).

* Nueva Zelanda = New Zealand (NZ).

* nuevo análisis = reanalysis [reanalyses, -pl.].

* nuevo comienzo = new beginning, clean slate, new leaf.

* Nuevo Méjico = New Mexico.

* nuevo miembro = entrant.

* Nuevo Mundo, el = New World, the.

* nuevo nombramiento = reappointment.

* nuevo resurgir = second wind.

* nuevos avances = future development(s).

* nuevos conversos, los = recently converted, the.

* nuevos horizontes = greener pastures, pastures new.

* nuevos retos = new horizons.

* nuevos tiempos, los = wind(s) of change, the.

* Nuevo Testamento = New Testament (N.T.).

* nuevo valor = newcomer.

* nuevo vecino del barrio = new kid on the block.

* NYPL (Biblioteca Pública de Nueva York) = NYPL (New York Public Library).

* pintar de nuevo = repaint [re-paint].

* prensentar Algo desde una nueva perspectiva = present + Nombre + in a new light.

* presentar Algo desde una nueva óptica = throw + new light on.

* presentar Algo desde una nueva perspectiva = throw + Nombre + in a new light.

* presentar Algo desde un nuevo ángulo = throw + new light on.

* presentar Algo desde una nueva perspectiva = shed + new light on, throw + new light on.

* presentarse desde una nueva perspectiva = stand in + a new light.

* reunirse de nuevo = reconvene.

* salir de nuevo = come back out.

* sangre nueva = new blood.

* sentirse como nuevo = be right as rain.

* surgiendo de nuevas = on the rebound.

* un nuevo comienzo = a fresh start.

* un nuevo impulso = a new lease of life.

* ver Algo desde una nueva perspectiva = view + Nombre + in a new light, see + Nombre + in a new light.

* ver desde una nueva perspectiva = shed + new light on.

* ver + Nombre + con nuevos ojos = view + Nombre + through fresh eyes.

* vino nuevo en pellejos viejos = new wine in old wineskins.

* víspera de Año Nuevo = New Year's Eve.

* vivir de nuevo = relive.

* volver de nuevo = come back out.

* * *

- va adjetivo

1)

a) [ser] <coche/casa/trabajo> new

b) (delante del n) <intento/cambio> further

ha surgido un nuevo problema — another o a further problem has arisen

c) [ser] <estilo/enfoque> new

¿qué hay de nuevo? — (fam) what's new? (colloq)

d) [estar] ( no desgastado) as good as new

todavía lo tengo nuevecito or (CS) nuevito — it's still as good as new

- nueva ola

- nuevas tecnologías

- nuevo rico -va rica

- Nuevo Testamento

2)

de nuevo — again

* * *

= emerging, fresh, new [newer -comp., newest -sup.], renewed, rising, unfamiliar, unworn, emergent, fledging, fledgling [fledgeling], uncharted, unchartered, brand new, ever-new, up-and-coming, new found [new-found/newfound], evolving, changing.

Ex: We have too much invested for us to assume any longer that we can, by sheer force of will, temper their influence on emerging standards.

Ex: This is a fresh avenue of approach to classification, and shows some promise.

Ex: The label contains information about the record, indicating, for instance, its length, status, for example, new, amended, type and class.

Ex: This article calls on libraries to forge a renewed national commitment to cooperate in the building of a national information network for scholarly communications.

Ex: It is not enough to train the rising generation to meet their new responsibilities, for irreversible decisions must be made before they come to maturity.

Ex: We are used to background noise in air conditioned buildings but the introduction of additional and unfamiliar sounds from AV equipment may be disturbing.

Ex: A printer who wanted to achieve a sharp impression from unworn type of even height to paper would put hard rather than soft packing in the tympan.

Ex: Books for emergent readers should facilitate the acquisition of these concepts.

Ex: Venture capitalists funded fledging companies in the early days of information technology some of which went on to dominate the market.

Ex: This article describes the experiences of a fledgling information system in dealing with a hurricane which wreaked devastation on some of the most remote areas of Hawaii = Este artículo describe las experiencias de un sistema de información nuevo al verse afectado por un huracán que devastó algunas de las zonas más remotas de Hawaii.

Ex: News of boundless timber reserves spread, and before long lumberjacks from the thinning hardwood forests of New England swarmed into the uncharted area with no other possessions than their axes and brawn and the clothing they wore.

Ex: This author agrees that the facts listed above are unchartered.

Ex: Information on small, sometimes brand new, companies in the chemical and biotechnology industries is often difficult to find.

Ex: He was then able to compare sources that made correlations possible and raised ever-new questions.

Ex: The journal kept me in touch with the established authors in the field but also the new, up-and-coming writers.

Ex: This could help readers gain a newfound appreciation of each others' childhood through books.

Ex: One of the objectives is to produce a statement of the role of the Library in the evolving national information program over the next five to seven years.

Ex: These are the kinds of problems that characteristically arise in the complex and continually changing milieu of libraries and media and information centers.

* abrir nuevas fronteras = forge + new frontiers.

* abrir nuevas posibilidades = open up + new territory, open up + possibilities, open + possibilities.

* abrir nuevos caminos = break + new ground, push + Nombre + into new latitudes, break + ground, blaze + trail.

* abrir nuevos horizontes = open + new realms, forge + new frontiers.

* abrir nuevos mercados = branch into.

* activo de nuevo = up and about.

* adquirir una nueva dimensión = take on + new dimension.

* adquirir un nuevo significado = take on + new dimension.

* alfombrar de nuevo = recarpet [re-carpet].

* analizar de nuevo = reexamine [re-examine].

* añadir una nueva dimensión = add + new dimension.

* Año Nuevo = New Year.

* apoyar de nuevo = reendorse.

* aprender de nuevo = relearn.

* asumir una nueva faceta = take on + new dimension.

* Bolsa de Valores de Nueva York = New York Stock Exchange (NYSE).

* borrón y cuenta nueva = a fresh start, clean slate, new leaf.

* búsqueda de nuevos genes = gene-harvesting.

* cobrar nuevo entusiasmo = develop + renewed enthusiasm.

* colocar de nuevo en los estantes = reshelve [re-shelve].

* comenzar de nuevo = start + all over again, recommence, make + a new start, start over, make + a fresh start.

* comenzar una nueva vida = make + a new life for + Reflexivo.

* como nuevo = in mint condition, in tip-top condition, in tip-top form.

* compañía de nueva creación = startup [start-up].

* concebirse desde una nueva perspectiva = stand in + a new light.

* convocar de nuevo = reconvene.

* crear de nuevo = recreate [re-create].

* dar a Algo una nueva dimensión = take + Nombre + into a new dimension.

* dar a Algo una nueva perspectiva = give + Nombre + a new twist.

* dar nueva forma = reformat [re-format].

* dar nueva vida = give + Nombre + new life, give + a second life.

* dar un nuevo acabado = refinish.

* dar un nuevo impulso = pep up.

* dar un nuevo nombre = rename.

* de aspecto nuevo = new-looking.

* de nueva ola = new-wave.

* de nuevas formas = in new ways.

* de nuevas maneras = in new ways.

* de nuevo = again, once again, yet again, afresh, anew, all over again, redux, over again.

* de nuevo en este caso = here again.

* de nuevo en pie = up and about.

* de nuevos modos = in new ways.

* desarrollo de nuevos productos = product development.

* de una nueva forma = in a new way.

* de una nueva manera = in a new way.

* de un nuevo modo = in a new way.

* el nuevo aspecto de = the changing face of, the changing nature of.

* empezar de nuevo = a fresh start, start over, make + a fresh start.

* empezar una nueva etapa en la vida = turn over + a new page, turn over + a new leaf.

* empresa de nueva creación = this sort of thing, startup [start-up].

* enseñar de nuevo = retrain [re-train].

* entrada de nuevo = re-entry [reentry].

* enviar de nuevo = resend [re-send].

* explorar nuevos horizontes = move on to + pastures new.

* hacer borrón y cuenta nueva = start with + a clean slate, turn over + a new leaf.

* hacerlo de nuevo = go and do it again.

* hasta nuevo aviso = until further notice.

* idea nueva = fresh idea.

* infundir nueva vida a = breathe + (new) life into.

* inscribir de nuevo = reregister.

* intentar de nuevo = retry [re-try].

* introducir de nuevo = re-enter [reenter].

* ir con la nueva ola = ride + wave.

* lista de nuevas adquisiciones = acquisitions list.

* llevar a Algo a una nueva dimensión = take + Nombre + into a new dimension.

* luna nueva = new moon.

* mencionar de nuevo = restate [re-state].

* mencionar de nuevo innecesariamente = belabour [belabor, -USA].

* mostrar de nuevo = redisplay.

* nacido de nuevo = born again.

* Nueva Brunswick = New Brunswick.

* nueva edición = new edition.

* nueva era = new age.

* Nueva Escocia = Nova Scotia.

* nueva evaluación = reappraisal.

* Nueva Gales del Sur = New South Wales.

* Nueva Guinea = New Guinea.

* nueva idea = reform idea.

* Nueva Inglaterra = New England.

* nueva lectura = rereading [re-reading].

* nueva línea = linefeed.

* Nueva Ola, la = New Wave, the.

* Nueva Orleans = New Orleans.

* nueva perspectiva = new light.

* nueva promesa = rising star.

* nueva redacción = redraft, rewrite [re-write].

* nuevas fronteras = new horizons.

* nueva tirada = rerun.

* nueva versión = upgrade, remake.

* nueva vida = greener pastures, pastures new.

* nueva visita = return visit.

* Nueva York = New York (NY).

* Nueva Zelanda = New Zealand (NZ).

* nuevo análisis = reanalysis [reanalyses, -pl.].

* nuevo comienzo = new beginning, clean slate, new leaf.

* Nuevo Méjico = New Mexico.

* nuevo miembro = entrant.

* Nuevo Mundo, el = New World, the.

* nuevo nombramiento = reappointment.

* nuevo resurgir = second wind.

* nuevos avances = future development(s).

* nuevos conversos, los = recently converted, the.

* nuevos horizontes = greener pastures, pastures new.

* nuevos retos = new horizons.

* nuevos tiempos, los = wind(s) of change, the.

* Nuevo Testamento = New Testament (N.T.).

* nuevo valor = newcomer.

* nuevo vecino del barrio = new kid on the block.

* NYPL (Biblioteca Pública de Nueva York) = NYPL (New York Public Library).

* pintar de nuevo = repaint [re-paint].

* prensentar Algo desde una nueva perspectiva = present + Nombre + in a new light.

* presentar Algo desde una nueva óptica = throw + new light on.

* presentar Algo desde una nueva perspectiva = throw + Nombre + in a new light.

* presentar Algo desde un nuevo ángulo = throw + new light on.

* presentar Algo desde una nueva perspectiva = shed + new light on, throw + new light on.

* presentarse desde una nueva perspectiva = stand in + a new light.

* reunirse de nuevo = reconvene.

* salir de nuevo = come back out.

* sangre nueva = new blood.

* sentirse como nuevo = be right as rain.

* surgiendo de nuevas = on the rebound.

* un nuevo comienzo = a fresh start.

* un nuevo impulso = a new lease of life.

* ver Algo desde una nueva perspectiva = view + Nombre + in a new light, see + Nombre + in a new light.

* ver desde una nueva perspectiva = shed + new light on.

* ver + Nombre + con nuevos ojos = view + Nombre + through fresh eyes.

* vino nuevo en pellejos viejos = new wine in old wineskins.

* víspera de Año Nuevo = New Year's Eve.

* vivir de nuevo = relive.

* volver de nuevo = come back out.

* * *

nuevo -va

adjective

A

1 [ SER] (de poco tiempo) ‹coche/juguete/ropa› new

me lo dejaron como nuevo it was as good as new when I got it back

soy nuevo en la oficina I'm new in the office

2 [ SER] (que sustituye a otro) ‹casa/novio/trabajo› new

3 ( delante del n) (otro) ‹intento/cambio› further

ha surgido un nuevo problema another o a further problem has arisen

decidieron darle una nueva oportunidad they decided to give him another chance

4 [ SER] (original, distinto) ‹estilo/enfoque› new

no dijo nada nuevo she didn't say anything new

¿que hay de nuevo? ( fam); what's new? ( colloq)

5 [ ESTAR] (no desgastado) as good as new

todavía lo tengo nuevo or (CS) nuevito it's still as good as new

Compuestos:

● nueva ola

feminine new wave

● nuevas tecnologías

fpl new technology

● nuevo rico, nueva rica

masculine, feminine nouveau riche

● Nuevo Testamento

masculine New Testament

B

de nuevo again

de nuevo tengo el honor de … again o once again o once more I have the privilege of …

* * *

nuevo
◊ -va adjetivo

a) [ser] ‹estilo/coche/novio› new;

◊ soy nuevo en la oficina I'm new in the office;

de nuevo again;
¿qué hay de nuevo what's new? (colloq);
nuevo rico nouveau riche
b) ( delante del n) ‹intento/cambio› further;

◊ ha surgido un nuevo problema another o a further problem has arisen;

Nnuevo Testamento New Testament
c) [estar] ( no desgastado) as good as new

nuevo,-a
I adjetivo
1 new: tengo un coche nuevo, I've got a new car
2 (añadido) further: hay nuevas averías, there are further faults
II sustantivo masculino y femenino newcomer
(novato) beginner
♦ Locuciones: de nuevo, again
' nuevo' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
adicta
- adicto
- ambicionar
- ambientarse
- año
- astronómica
- astronómico
- aterrizar
- aviso
- cara
- cercado
- continente
- decir
- desarrollar
- editar
- emocionada
- emocionado
- emplazar
- entusiasmada
- entusiasmado
- escorrentía
- estallido
- excavar
- flotación
- ir
- generar
- hablar
- impresión
- incorporarse
- mirlo
- N. T.
- nada
- nueva
- replantar
- rumbo
- sacar
- salida
- sanear
- tener
- testamento
- vaya
- contar
- cuño
- día
- entrada
- entrante
- feliz
- flamante
- haber
- inédito
English:
advertise
- afford
- afresh
- again
- agony
- ambivalent
- amorphous
- analyst
- anew
- anticipate
- arrest
- assignment
- austerity
- authenticity
- back
- bash out
- beating
- bomb
- book
- brag
- brand-new
- bring up
- brink
- call back
- chapter
- clean
- come out
- comedown
- commit
- crisp
- daunt
- delay
- design
- dissuade
- do
- donation
- drastic
- drum up
- exploit
- fail
- find
- format
- forthcoming
- founder
- fresh
- fund
- further
- game
- get
- go up

* * *

nuevo, -a

♦ adj

1. [reciente] new;

tengo una casa nueva I've got a new house;

es el nuevo director he's the new manager

Comp
Nueva Caledonia New Caledonia;
el nuevo continente [América] the New World;

Nueva Delhi New Delhi;

nuevo economía new economy;
Hist Nueva España New Spain [Spanish colonial viceroyalty that included Mexico, the southern part of the US and parts of Central America]; Hist Nueva Granada New Granada [Spanish colonial viceroyalty that included the central and northwestern parts of South America];
Nueva Guinea New Guinea;

Nueva Inglaterra New England;

Nueva Jersey New Jersey;

Nuevo México New Mexico;

el Nuevo Mundo the New World;

la nueva ola the New Wave;

el nuevo orden mundial the new world order;

Nueva Orleans New Orleans;

nuevo rico nouveau riche;

nuevo sol [moneda] new sol;

nuevas tecnologías new technology;

el Nuevo Testamento the New Testament;

Nueva York New York;

Nueva Zelanda New Zealand

2. [poco usado] new;

este abrigo está nuevo this coat is new;

un poco de betún y quedarán como nuevos with a bit of polish they'll be as good as new;

después del baño me quedé como nuevo I felt like a new person after my bath

3. [inédito] new;

esto es nuevo para mí, no lo sabía that's news to me, I didn't know it

4. [sin experiencia] new;

soy nuevo en esta clase I'm new in this class;

es nuevo en la profesión he's new to the profession

5. [hortaliza] new, fresh;
[vino] young
6. [repetido] renewed,
de nuevo again;

se han producido nuevos enfrentamientos there have been renewed clashes

♦ nm,f

newcomer

* * *

nuevo

adj

1 new;

sentirse como nuevo feel like new;

¿qué hay de nuevo? what’s new?

2 ( otro) another;

de nuevo again

* * *

nuevo, -va adj

1) : new

una casa nueva: a new house

¿qué hay de nuevo?: what's new?

2)

de nuevo : again, once more

* * *

nuevo adj new

un juego nuevo a new game

de nuevo again

¿qué hay de nuevo? what's new?

Spanish-English dictionary > nuevo
19 opuesto

adj.

opposed, conflicting, contrary, opposite.

m.

opposite, antithesis, converse, antipode.

past part.

past participle of spanish verb: oponer.

* * *

opuesto

► participio pasado

1→ link=oponer oponer

► adjetivo

1 (contrario) contrary, opposed

■ versiones opuestas de los hechos contrasting versions of the facts

■ en sentido opuesto in the opposite direction

2 (de enfrente) opposite

* * *

(f. - opuesta)

adj.

1) opposite

2) opposed

* * *

1.

PP de oponer

2. ADJ

1) [ángulo, lado] opposite

están en el extremo opuesto de la ciudad — they are on the opposite side of town

chocó con un coche que venía en dirección opuesta — he crashed into a car coming in the opposite direction

2) (Dep) [equipo] opposing

3) [intereses, versiones] conflicting

tenemos gustos opuestos — we have very different tastes

4)

ser opuesto a algo — to be opposed to sth

* * *

- ta adjetivo <versiones/opiniones> conflicting; <extremos/polos> opposite

tienen caracteres opuestos — they have very different personalities

venía en dirección opuesta — he was coming from the opposite direction

el lado opuesto a éste — the opposite side to this one

es opuesto a todo cambio — he is opposed to o he is against any change

* * *

= antithetical, conflicting, contrary, differing, inverse, opposing, inimical, argumentative, opposite, counterpoint, competing, opposed, adversarial, aversive, contrasting, averse, reverse, resistant, refractory.

Ex. Production quotas, I believe, are antithetical to careful, thoughtful cataloging.

Ex. As is the way with these things there were two conflicting criticisms levelled at the joint code.

Ex. Perhaps there has been a contrary reaction by British academic librarians to conserve their collections.

Ex. Different devices for the organisation of knowledge place differing emphasis on the relative importance of these two objectives.

Ex. Most relationships should be shown in both their direct and inverse forms.

Ex. When it is clear that material is biased or misrepresents a group, librarians should correct the situation, either by refusing the material or by giving equal representation to opposing points of view.

Ex. Anita Schiller's own grim conclusion was that 'These two opposing and often inimical views, when incorporated within reference service, often reduce overall effectiveness'.

Ex. 'I don't know about that one,' Bogardus said, politely argumentative.

Ex. Cutter instructs that 'of two subjects exactly opposite choose one and refer from the other, e.g. 'Free Trade and Protection', 'Protection' See 'Free Trade and Protection''.

Ex. The point and counterpoint nature of the talks specifically concerned with AACR reflects the official roles the speakers have with respect to that draft.

Ex. This article identifies predominant worldview and competing schools of thought regarding the teaching of reference work.

Ex. Librarianship is faced with the problem of the reconciliation of opposed objectives -- the arrest of deterioration in books versus the idea that books are meant to be used, becoming ultimately worn with use.

Ex. The relationship between the author and editor is based on collaboration, but can also be adversarial at certain points.

Ex. In fact, weeding aversive staff tend to spend a lot more time complaining about having nothing on the shelves.

Ex. The author describes 2 contrasting Florida libraries on the Gulf of Mexico, how they serve and are served by the community.

Ex. The advantage of an acoustic pulse as the averse stimulus is discussed.

Ex. He creates a type of reverse orientalism peopled by sex-hungry 'dark-age femme fatales' and 'lusty young Barbarians reeking of ale'.

Ex. After a number of years in office, however, they became increasingly abrasive, remote, contemptuous of criticism, and resistant to any change that might reduce their authority.

Ex. However, these mushy words do little to reveal the refractory person uttering them.

----

* como algo opuesto a = as against.

* como opuesto a = as distinct from, as opposed to.

* continuar opuesto a = remain + unreconciled to.

* diametralmente opuesto a = diametrically opposed to, diametrically opposite to.

* diametralmente opuestos = worlds apart.

* mundos opuestos = like oil and water.

* opiniones opuestas = contrasting opinions.

* opuesto a = versus (vs - abreviatura), antagonistic to, at odds with.

* opuesto, el = reverse, the.

* opuesto, lo = converse, the.

* polos opuestos = polar types, worlds apart, like oil and water, like chalk and cheese, like apples and oranges.

* reacciones opuestas = mixed reactions.

* seguir opuesto a = remain + unreconciled to.

* sexo opuesto = opposite sex.

* * *

- ta adjetivo <versiones/opiniones> conflicting; <extremos/polos> opposite

tienen caracteres opuestos — they have very different personalities

venía en dirección opuesta — he was coming from the opposite direction

el lado opuesto a éste — the opposite side to this one

es opuesto a todo cambio — he is opposed to o he is against any change

* * *

el opuesto

= reverse, the

Ex: The final order on the shelves is the reverse of this, so that an order of increasing speciality is achieved.

= antithetical, conflicting, contrary, differing, inverse, opposing, inimical, argumentative, opposite, counterpoint, competing, opposed, adversarial, aversive, contrasting, averse, reverse, resistant, refractory.

Ex: Production quotas, I believe, are antithetical to careful, thoughtful cataloging.

Ex: As is the way with these things there were two conflicting criticisms levelled at the joint code.

Ex: Perhaps there has been a contrary reaction by British academic librarians to conserve their collections.

Ex: Different devices for the organisation of knowledge place differing emphasis on the relative importance of these two objectives.

Ex: Most relationships should be shown in both their direct and inverse forms.

Ex: When it is clear that material is biased or misrepresents a group, librarians should correct the situation, either by refusing the material or by giving equal representation to opposing points of view.

Ex: Anita Schiller's own grim conclusion was that 'These two opposing and often inimical views, when incorporated within reference service, often reduce overall effectiveness'.

Ex: 'I don't know about that one,' Bogardus said, politely argumentative.

Ex: Cutter instructs that 'of two subjects exactly opposite choose one and refer from the other, e.g. 'Free Trade and Protection', 'Protection' See 'Free Trade and Protection''.

Ex: The point and counterpoint nature of the talks specifically concerned with AACR reflects the official roles the speakers have with respect to that draft.

Ex: This article identifies predominant worldview and competing schools of thought regarding the teaching of reference work.

Ex: Librarianship is faced with the problem of the reconciliation of opposed objectives -- the arrest of deterioration in books versus the idea that books are meant to be used, becoming ultimately worn with use.

Ex: The relationship between the author and editor is based on collaboration, but can also be adversarial at certain points.

Ex: In fact, weeding aversive staff tend to spend a lot more time complaining about having nothing on the shelves.

Ex: The author describes 2 contrasting Florida libraries on the Gulf of Mexico, how they serve and are served by the community.

Ex: The advantage of an acoustic pulse as the averse stimulus is discussed.

Ex: He creates a type of reverse orientalism peopled by sex-hungry 'dark-age femme fatales' and 'lusty young Barbarians reeking of ale'.

Ex: After a number of years in office, however, they became increasingly abrasive, remote, contemptuous of criticism, and resistant to any change that might reduce their authority.

Ex: However, these mushy words do little to reveal the refractory person uttering them.

* como algo opuesto a = as against.

* como opuesto a = as distinct from, as opposed to.

* continuar opuesto a = remain + unreconciled to.

* diametralmente opuesto a = diametrically opposed to, diametrically opposite to.

* diametralmente opuestos = worlds apart.

* mundos opuestos = like oil and water.

* opiniones opuestas = contrasting opinions.

* opuesto a = versus (vs - abreviatura), antagonistic to, at odds with.

* opuesto, el = reverse, the.

* opuesto, lo = converse, the.

* polos opuestos = polar types, worlds apart, like oil and water, like chalk and cheese, like apples and oranges.

* reacciones opuestas = mixed reactions.

* seguir opuesto a = remain + unreconciled to.

* sexo opuesto = opposite sex.

* * *

opuesto -ta

adjective

‹versiones/opiniones› conflicting; ‹extremos/polos› opposite

tienen caracteres opuestos they have very different personalities

venía en dirección opuesta she was coming the other way o from the opposite direction

opuesto A algo:

el lado opuesto a éste the opposite side to this one

es opuesto a todo cambio he is opposed to o he is against any change

* * *

Del verbo oponer: ( conjugate oponer)

opuesto es:

el participio

Multiple Entries:
oponer
opuesto
oponer ( conjugate oponer) verbo transitivo ‹ resistencia› to offer, put up;
‹ objeción› to raise
oponerse verbo pronominal ( ser contrario) to object;
opuestose A algo to oppose sth;
◊ nuestros caracteres se oponen ( recípr) we are opposites

opuesto -ta adjetivo ‹versiones/opiniones› conflicting;

‹extremo/polo/lado› opposite;
◊ tienen caracteres opuestos they have very different personalities;

venía en dirección opuesta he was coming from the opposite direction
oponer verbo transitivo
1 to put up: no opuso resistencia, he put up no resistance
2 (un argumento, razón) to put forward
opuesto,-a adjetivo
1 (versión, opinión, etc) opposite: tenían intereses opuestos, they had conflicting interests
2 (posición) opposite: estaba en la acera opuesta, he was on the opposite sidewalk
en direcciones opuestas, in opposite directions

' opuesto' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
diametralmente
- fondo
- negación
- opuesta
- provincia
- antidemocrático
- contra
- contrario
- ligar
- pinchar
English:
against
- contrasting
- opposed
- opposite
- sex
- sublime
- conflicting

* * *

opuesto, -a

♦ participio
ver oponer
♦ adj

1. [contrario] opposed, contrary (a to);
los dos hermanos son opuestos en todo the two brothers are completely different;

opiniones opuestas contrary o opposing opinions;

ser opuesto a algo to be opposed o contrary to sth

2. [del otro lado] opposite;

el extremo opuesto a éste the opposite end to this;

el coche venía en dirección opuesta the car was coming the other way o in the opposite direction;

Comp

son dos polos opuestos [personas] they are complete o polar opposites

* * *

opuesto

I part → oponer

II adj

1 en el espacio opposite

2 opinión contrary

* * *

opuesto pp oponer

opuesto adj

1) : opposite, contrary

2) : opposed

* * *

opuesto adj

1. (enfrentado) opposing / conflicting

tienen opiniones opuestas they have conflicting opinions

2. (contrario) opposite

en dirección opuesta in the opposite direction

ser opuesto a algo to be opposed to something

Spanish-English dictionary > opuesto
20 AF

of

* * *

prep. w. dat.

I. Of place:

1) off, from;

G. hljóp af hesti sínum, G. jumped off his horse;

ganga af mótinu, to go away from the meeting;

Flosi kastaði af sér skikkjunni, threw off his cloak;

Gizzur gekk af útsuðri at gerðinu, from the south-west;

hann hafði leyst af sér skúa sína, he had taken off his shoes;

Steinarr vildi slíta hann af sér, throw him off;

tók Gísli þá af sér vápnin, took off his arms;

bréf af Magnúsi konungi, a letter from king Magnus;

land af landi, from one land to the other;

hverr af öðrum, one after another, in succession;

vil ek þú vinnir af þér skuldina, work off the debt;

muntu enga sætt af mér fá, no peace at my hand;

rísa af dauða, to rise from the dead;

vakna af draumi, to awaken from a dream;

lúka upp af hrossi, to open a gate from off a horse;

vindr stóð af landi, the wind blew from the land;

2) out of;

verða tekinn af heimi, to be taken out of the world;

gruflar hón af læknum, she scrambles out of the brook;

Otradalr var mjök af vegi, far out of the way.

Connected with út; föstudaginn fór út herrinn af borginni, marched out of the town.

II. Of time; past, beyond:

af ómagaaldri, able to support oneself, of age;

ek em nú af léttasta skeiði, no longer in the prime of life;

þá er sjau vikur eru af sumri, when seven weeks of summer are past;

var mikit af nótt, much of the night was past.

III. In various other relations:

1) þiggja lið af e-m, to receive help from one;

hafa umboð af e-m, to be another’s deputy;

vera góðs (ills) maklegr af e-m, to deserve good (bad) of one;

féll þar lið mart af Eyvindi, many of Eyvind’s men fell there;

þá eru þeir útlagir ok af goðorði sínu, have forfeited their goðorð;

þá skalt þú af allri fjárheimtunni, forfeit all the claim;

ek skal stefna þér af konunni, summon thee to give up;

2) off, of;

höggva fót, hönd, af e-m, to cut off one’s foot, hand;

vil ek, at þú takir slíkt sem þér líkar af varningi, whatever you like of the stores;

þar lá forkr einn ok brotit af endanum, with the point broken off;

absol., beit hann höndina af, bit the hand off;

fauk af höfuðit, the head flew off;

3) of, among;

hinn efniligasti maðr af ungum mönnum, the most promising of the young men;

4) with;

hláða, (ferma) skip af e-u, to load (freight) a ship with;

fylla heiminn af sínu kyni, to fill the world with his offspring;

5) of (= ór which is more frequent);

húsit var gert af timbr stokkum, was built of trunks of trees;

6) fig., eigi vita menn hvat af honum er orðit, what has become of him;

hvat hefir þú gert af Gunnari, what hast thou done with Gunnar?;

7) denoting parentage, descent, origin;

ok eru af þeim komnir Gilsbekkingar, are descended from them;

kominn af Trójumönnum, descended from the Trojans;

8) by, of (after passive);

ek em sendr hingat af Starkaði, sent hither by;

ástsæll af landsmónnum, beloved of;

9) on account of, by reason of, by;

úbygðr at frosti ok kulda, because of frost and cold;

ómáli af áverkum, speechless from wounds;

af ástæld hans, by his popularity;

af því, therefore;

af hví, wherefor why;

af því at, because;

10) by means of, by;

framfœra e-n af verkum sínum, by means of his own labour;

af sínu fé, by one’s own means;

absol., hann fekk af hina mestu sœmd, derived great honour from it;

11) with adjectives, in regard to;

mildr af fé, liberal of money;

góðr af griðum, merciful;

fastr af drykk, close (stingy) in regard to drink;

12) used absol. with a verb, off away;

hann bað hann þá róa af fjörðinn, to row the firth off;

ok er þeir höfðu af fjörðung, when they had covered one forth of the way;

sofa af nóttina, to sleep the night away.

* * *

prep. often used elliptically by dropping the case, or even merely adverbially, [Ulf. af; A. S. and Engl. of, off; Hel. ab; Germ. ab; Gr. άπό; Lat. a, ab.] With dat. denoting a motion a loco; one of the three prepp. af, ór, frá, corresponding to those in loco—á, í, við, and ad locum—á, í, at. It in general corresponds to the prepp. in loco—á, or in locum— til, whilst ór answers more to í; but it also frequently corresponds to yfir, um or í. It ranges between ór and frá, generally denoting the idea from the surface of, while ór means from the inner part, and frá from the outer part or border. The motion from a hill, plain, open place is thus denoted by af; by ór that from an enclosed space, depth, cavity, thus af fjalli, but ór of a valley, dale; af Englandi, but ór Danmörk, as mörk implies the notion of a deep wood, forest. The wind blows af landi, but a ship sets sail frá landi; frá landi also means a distance from: af hendi, of a glove, ring; ór hendi, of whatever has been kept in the hand (correl. to á hendi and í hendi). On the other hand af is more general, whilst frá and ór are of a more special character; frá denoting a departure, ór an impulse or force; a member goes home af þingi, whereas ór may denote an inmate of a district, or convey the notion of secession or exclusion from, Eb. 105 new Ed.; the traveller goes af landi, the exile ór landi: taka e-t af e-m is to take a thing out of one’s hand, that of taka frá e-m to remove out of one’s sight, etc. In general af answers to Engl. of, off, ór to out of, and frá to from: the Lat. prepp. ab, de, and ex do not exactly correspond to the Icelandic, yet as a rule ór may answer to ex, af sometimes to ab, sometimes to de. Of, off, from among; with, by; on account of by means of, because of concerning, in respect of.

A. Loc.

I. With motion, off, from:

1. prop. corresp. to á,

α. konungr dró gullhring af hendi sér (but á hendi), Ld. 32; Höskuldr lætr bera farm af skipi, unload the ship (but bera farm á skip), id.; var tekit af hestum þeirra, they were unsaddled, Nj. 4; Gunnarr hafði farit heiman af bæ sínum, he was away from home, 82; Gunnarr hljóp af hesti sínum, jumped off his horse (but hl. á hest), 83; hlaupa, stökkva af baki, id., 112, 264 ; Gunnarr skýtr til hans af boganum, from the bow, where af has a slight notion of instrumentality, 96; flýja af fundinum, to fly from off the battle-field, 102; ríða af Þríhyrningshálsum, 206; út af Langaholti, Eg. 744 ; sunnan ór Danmörk ok af Saxlandi, 560; ganga af mótinu, to go from the meeting, Fms. vii. 130; af þeirra fundi reis María upp ok fór, 625. 85 ; Flosi kastaði af ser skikkjunni, threw his cloak off him (but kasta á sik),Nj. 176; taka Hrungnis fót af honum, of a load, burden, Edda 58; land þat er hann fiskði af, from which he set off to fish, Grág. i. 151, is irregular, frá would suit better; slíta af baki e-s, from off one’s back, ii. 9 ; bera af borði, to clear the table, Nj. 75.

β. where it more nearly answers to í; þeir koma af hafi, of sailors coming in (but leggja í haf), Nj. 128 ; fara til Noregs af Orkneyjum (but í or til O.), 131; þeim Agli fórst vel ok komu af hafi i Borgarfjörð, Eg. 392 ; hann var útlagi ( outlawed) af Noregi, where ór would be more regular, 344; af Islandi, of a traveller, Fms. x. 3; búa her af báðum ríkjunum, to take a levy from, 51; hinir beztu bændr ór Norðlendingafjórðungi ok af Sunnlendingafjórðungi, the most eminent Southerners and Northerners, 113; Gizzurr gékk af útsuðri at gerðinu, from south-west, Sturl. ii. 219; prestar af hvárutveggja biskupsdæmi, from either diocess, Dipl. ii. 11; verða tekinn af heimi, to be taken out of the world, 623. 21; gruflar hon af læknum, scrambles out of the brook, Ísl. ii. 340; Egill kneyfði af horninu í einum drykk, drained off the horn at one draught, literally squeezed every drop out of it, Eg. 557; brottuaf herbúðunurn, Fms. x. 343.

γ. of things more or less surrounding the subject, corresp. to yfir or um; láta þeir þegar af sér tjöldin, break off, take down the tents in preparing for battle, Eg. 261; kyrtillinn rifnaði af honum, his coat burst, caused by the swollen body, 602; hann hafði leyst af sér skúa sína, he untied his shoes (but binda á sik), 716; Steinarr vildi slíta hann af sér, throw him off, of one clinging to one’s body, 747; tók Gísli þá af sér vápnin, took off his arms, Fms. vii. 39. Of putting off clothes; fara af kápu, Nj. 143; far þú eigi af brynjunni, Bs. i. 541; þá ætlaði Sigurðr at fara af brynjunni, id.; þá var Skarphéðinn flettr af klæðunum, Nj. 209: now more usually fara or klæðum, fötum, exuere, to undress.

δ. connected with út; föstudaginn for út herrinn af borginni, marched out of the town, Nj. 274; ganga út af kirkjunni, to go out of the church, now út úr, Fms. vii. 107: drekki hann af þeirri jörðunni, of something impregnated with the earth, Laekn. 402.

ε. more closely corresponding to frá, being in such cases a Latinism (now frá); bréf af páfa, a pope’s bull, Fms. x. 6; rit af hánum, letter from him, 623. 52; bréf af Magnúsi konungi, a letter from king Magnus, Bs. i. 712; farið þér á brautu af mér í eilífan eld, Hom. 143; brott af drottins augliti, Stj. 43.

ζ. denoting an uninterrupted continuity, in such phrases as land aflandi, from land to land, Eg. 343, Fas. ii. 539; skip af skipl. from ship to ship, Fms. v. 10; brann hvat af öðru, one after another, of an increasing fire, destroying everything, i. 128; brandr af brandi brenn, funi kveykist af funa, one from another, Hm. 56; hverr af öðrum, one after another, in succession, also hverr at öðrum, Eb. 272, 280 (where at in both passages).

2. metaph., at ganga af e-m dauðum, to go from, leave one dead on the spot, of two combatants; en hann segiz bani hins ef hann gekk af dauðum manni, Grág. ii. 88, Hkr. 1. 327; undr þykir mér er bróðir þinn vildi eigi taka af þér starf þetta, would not take this toil from thee, Nj. 77; þegnar hans glöddust af honum, were fain of him, Fms. x. 380; at koma þeim manni af sér er settr var á fé hans, to get rid of, Ld. 52; vil ek þú vinriir af þér skuldina, work off the debt, Njarð. 366; reka af sér, to repel, Sturl. ii. 219; hann á þá sonu er aldri munu af oss ganga, who will never leave us, whom we shall never get rid of, Fas. i. 280; leysa e-n af e-u, to relieve, 64; taka e-n af lífi, to kill, Eg. 48, 416, Nj. 126; af lífdögum, Fms. vii. 204; ek mun ná lögum af því máli, get the benefit of the law in this case, Eg. 468; muntu enga sætt af mér fá, no peace at my hand, 414; rísa af dauða, to rise from death, Fms. ii. 142; guð bætti honum þó af þessi sótt, healed him of this sickness, ix. 390; vakna af sýn, draumi, svefni, to awaken from a vision, dream, sleep, 655 xxxii. I, Gísl. 24, Eb. 192, Fas. i. 41. Rather with the notion out of, in the phrase af sér etc., e. g. sýna e-t af scr, to shew, exhibit a disposition for or against, Ld. 18; gera mikit af sér, to shew great prowess, Ísl. ii. 368; éf þú gerir eigi meira af þér um aðra leika, unless you make more of thyself, Edda 32; Svipdagr hafði mikit af sér gert, fought bravely, Fas. i. 41; góðr (illr) af sér, good ( bad) of oneself, by nature; mikill af sjálfum sér, proud, bold, stout, Nj. 15; ágætastr maðr af sjálfum sér, the greatest hero, Bret.: góðr af ser, excellent, Hrafn. 7; but, on the contrary, af sér kominn, ruinous, in decay; this phrase is used of old houses or buildings, as in Bs. i. 488 = Sturl. l. c.; af sér kominn af mæði can also be said of a man fallen off from what he used to be; kominn af fotum fram, off his legs from age, Sturl. i. 223, Korm. 154 (in a verse).

II. WITHOUT MOTION:

1. denoting direction from, but at the same time continuous connection with an object from which an act or thing proceeds, from; tengja skip hvárt fram af stafni annars, to tie the ships in a line, stem to stern, Fms. i. 157, xi. 111; svá at þeir tóku út af borðum, jutted out of the boards, of rafters or poles, iv. 49; stjarna ok af sem skaft, of a comet, ix. 482; lúka upp af hrossi, to open a gate from off a horse, Grág. ii. 264; hon svarar af sínu sæti sem álpt af baru, Fás. i. 186; þar er sjá mátti utau af firði, af þjóðleið, that might be seen from the fareway on the sea when sailing in the firth, Hkr. ii. 64; þá mun hringt af (better at) Burakirkju, of bells rung at the church, Fms. xi. 160; gengr þar af Meðalfellsströnd, projects from, juts out, of a promontory, Ld. 10.

2. denoting direction alone; upp af víkinni stóð borg mikil, a burg inland from the inlet, Eg. 161; lokrekkja innar af seti, a shut bed inward from the benches in the hall, Ísl. ii. 262; kapella upp af konungs herbergjum, upwards from, Fms. x. 153; vindr stóð af landi, the wind stood off the land, Bárð. 166.

β. metaph., stauda af e-u, vide VI. 4.

γ. ellipt., hallaði af norðr, of the channel, north of a spot, Boll. 348; also, austr af, suðr af, vestr af, etc.

3. denoting absence; þingheyendr skulu eigi vera um nótt af þingi ( away from the meeting), eðr lengr, þá eru þeir af þingi ( away from (be meeting) ef þeir eru or ( out of) þingmarki, Grág. i. 25; vera um nótt af várþingi, 115; meðan hann er af landi héðan, abroad, 150.

β. metaph., gud hvíldi af öllum verkum sínum á sjaunda degi, rested from his labours, Ver. 3.

4. denoting distance; þat er komit af þjóðleið, out of the high road, remote, Eg. 369; af þjóðbraut, Grág. ii. 264, i. 15; Otradalr (a farm) var mjök af vegi, far out of the way, Háv. 53.

B. TEMP, past, from, out of, beyond:

1. of a person’s age, in the sense of having past a period of life; af ómaga aldri, of age, able to support oneself, Grág. i. 243; af aeskualdri, stricken in years, having past the prime of life, Eg. 202; lítið af barnsaldri, still a child, Ld. 74; ek em nú af léttasia skeiði, no longer in the prime of life, Háv. 40.

2. of a part or period of time, past; eigi síðar en nótt er af þingi, a night of the session past, Grág. i. 101; þá er sjau vikur eru af sumri, seven weeks past of the summer, 182; tíu vikur af sumri, Íb. 10; var mikit af nótt, much of the night was past, Háv. 41; mikið af vetri, much of the winter was past, Fas. ii. 186; þriðjungr af nótt, a third of the night past, Fms. x. 160; stund af degi, etc.; tveir mánoðr af sumri, Gþl. 103.

3. in adverbial phrases such as, af stundu, soon; af bragði, at once; af tómi, at leisure, at ease; af nýju, again; af skyndingu, speedily; af bráðungu, in a hurry, etc.

C. In various other relations:

I. denoting the passage or transition of an object, concrete or abstract, of, from.

1. where a thing is received, derived from, conferred by a person or object; þiggja lið af e-m, to derive help from, Edda 26; taka traust af e-m, to receive support, comfort from, Fms. xi. 243; taka mála af e-m, to be in one’s pay, of a soldier, Eg. 266; halda land af e-m, to hold land of any one, 282; verða viss af e-m, to get information from, 57, Nj. 130; taka við sök af manni (a law term), to undertake a case, suit, Grág. i. 142; hafa umboð af e-m, to be another’s deputy, ii. 374; vera góðs (ills) maklegr af e-m, to deserve good (bad) of, Vd. 88 (old Ed., the new reads frá), Fs. 45; afla matar af eyjum, to derive supplies from, Eb. 12.

2. where an object is taken by force:

α. prop. out of a person’s hand; þú skalt hnykkja smíðit af honum, wrest it out of his hand, Nj. 32; cp. taka, þrífa, svipta e-u (e-t) af e-m, to wrest from.

β. metaph. of a person’s deprival of anything in general; hann tók af þér konuna, carried thy wife off, Nj. 33; tók Gunnarr af þér sáðland þitt, robbed thee of seedland, 103; taka af honum tignina, to depose, degrade him, Eg. 271; vinna e-t af e-m, to carry off by force of arms, conquer, Fms. iii. 29; drepa menn af e-m, for one, slay one’s man, Eg. 417; fell þar lið mart af Eyvindi, many of Eyvind’s people fell there, 261.

γ. in such phrases as, hyggja af e-u (v. afhuga), hugsa af e-u, to forget; hyggja af harmi; sjá af e-u, to lose, miss; var svá ástúðigt með þeim, at livargi þóttist mega af öðrum sjá, neither of them could take his eyes off the other, Sturl. i. 194; svá er mörg við ver sinn vær, at varla um sér hon af hoiuun nær, Skálda 163.

3. denoting forfeiture; þá eru þeir útlagir, ok af goðorði sínu, have forfeited their priesthood, Grág. i. 24; telja hann af ráðunum fjár síns alls, to oust one, on account of idiocy or madness, 176; verða af kaupi, to be off the bargain, Edda 26; þá skalt þú af allri fjárheimtunni, forfeit all the claim, Nj. 15; ek skal stefna þér af konunni, summon thee to forfeit, a case of divorce, id.; ella er hann af rettarfari um hana, has forfeited the suit, Grág. i. 381.

β. ellipt., af ferr eindagi ef, is forfeited, Grág. i. 140.

II. denoting relation of a part to a whole, off, of, Lat. de; höggva hönd, höfuð, fót af e-um, to cut one’s hand, head, foot off, Nj. 97, 92, Bs. i. 674; höggva spjót af skapti, to sever the blade from the shaft, 264; hann lét þá ekki hafa af föðurarfi sínum, nothing of their patrimony, Eg. 25; vil ek at þú takir slíkt sem þér líkar af varningi, take what you like of the stores, Nj. 4; at þú eignist slíkt af fé okkru sem þú vili, 94.

β. ellipt., en nú höfum vér kjörit, en þat er af krossinum, a slice of, Fms. vii. 89; Þórðr gaf Skólm frænda sínum af landnámi sínu, a part of, Landn. 211; hafði hann þat af hans eigu er hann vildi, Sturl. ii. 169; þar lá forkr einn ok brotið af endanum, the point broken off, Háv. 24, Sturl. i. 169.

γ. absol. off; beit hann höndina af, þar sem nú heitir úlfliðr, bit the hand off, Edda 17; fauk af höfuðit, the head flew off, Nj. 97; jafnt er sem þér synist, af er fótrinn, the foot is off, id.; af bæði eyru, both ears off, Vm. 29.

2. with the notion of—among; mestr skörungr af konum á Norðrlöndum, the greatest heroine in the North, Fms. i. 116; hinn efniligasti maðr af ungum mönnum í Austfjörðum, the most hopeful of youths in the Eastfirths, Njarð. 364; af ( among) öllurn hirðmönnuni virði konungr mest skáld sín, Eg. 27; ef hann vildi nokkura kaupa af þessum konum, Ld. 30; ör liggr þar útiá vegginum, ok er sú af þeirra örum, one of their own arrows, Nj. 115.

β. from, among, belonging to; guð kaus hana af ollum konum sér til móður, of the Virgin Mary, Mar. A. i. 27.

γ. metaph., kunna mikit (lítið) af e-u, to know much, little of, Bragi kann mest af skáldskap, is more cunning of poetry than any one else, Edda 17.

δ. absol. out of, before, in preference to all others; Gunnarr bauð þér góð boð, en þú vildir eingi af taka, you would choose none of them, Nj. 77; ráða e-t af, to decide; þó mun faðir minn mestu af ráða, all depends upon him, Ld. 22; konungr kveðst því mundu heldr af trúa, preferred believing that of the two, Eg. 55; var honum ekki vildara af ván, he could expect nothing better, 364.

3. with the additional sense of instrumentality, with; ferma skip af e-u, to freight a ship with, Eg. 364; hlaða mörg skip af korni, load many ships with corn, Fms. xi. 8; klyfja tvá hesta af mat, Nj. 74; var vágrinn skipaðr af herskipum, the bay was covered with war ships, 124; fylla ker af glóðum, fill it with embers, Stj. 319; fylla heiminn af sínu kyni, to fill the world with his offspring, Ver. 3.

III. denoting the substance of which a thing is made, of; used indifferently with ór, though ór be more frequent; þeir gerðu af honum jörðina, af blóði hans sæinn ok vötnin, of the creation of the world from the corpse of the giant Ymir; the poem Gm. 40, 41, constantly uses ór in this sense, just as in modern Icelandic, Edda 5; svá skildu þeir, at allir hlutir væri smíðaðir af nokkru efni, 147 (pref.); húsit var gert af timbrstokkum, built of trunks of timber, Eg. 233; hjöhin vóru af gulli, of gold, golden, Fms. i. 17; af osti, of cheese, but in the verse 1. c. ór osti, Fms. vi. 253; línklæði af lérepti, linen, Sks. 287.

2. metaph. in the phrases, göra e-t af e-n ( to dispose of), verða af ( become of), hvat hefir þú gört af Gunnari, what hast thou done with Gunnar? Njarð. 376; hvat af motrinuni er orðit, what has become of it? of a lost thing, Ld. 208; hverfr Óspakr á burt, svá eigi vita menn hvat af honum er orðit, what has become of him? Band. 5.

IV. denoting parentage, descent, origin, domicile, abode:

1. parentage, of, from, used indifferently with frá; ok eru af þeim komnir Gilsbekkingar, descend from them, but a little below—frá honum eru konmir Sturlungar, Eb. 338, cp. afkvæmi; af ætt Hörðakára, Fms. i. 287; kominn af Trojumönnum, xi. 416; af Ása-ætt (Kb. wrongly at), Edda I.

β. metaph., vera af Guði (theol.), of God, = righteous, 686 B. 9; illr ávöxtr af íllri rót, Fms. ii. 48; Asia er kölluð af nafni nokkurar konu, derives her name from, Stj. 67; af honum er bragr kallaðr skáldskapr, called after his name, Edda 17.

2. of domicile; af danskri tungu, of Danish or Scandinavian origin, speaking the Danish tongue, Grág. ii. 73; hvaðan af löndum, whence, native of what country? Ísl.

β. especially denoting a man’s abode, and answering to á and í, the name of the farm (or country) being added to proper names, (as in Scotland,) to distinguish persons of the same name; Hallr af Síðu, Nj. 189; Erlingr af Straumey, 273; Ástríðr af Djúpárbakka, 39; Gunnarr af Hlíðarenda (more usual frá); þorir haklangr konungr af Ögðum, king of Agdir, Eg. 35, etc.; cp. ór and frá.

V. denoting a person with whom an act, feeling, etc. originates, for the most part with a periphrastic passive:

1. by, the Old Engl. of; as, ek em sendr hingað af Starkaði ok sonum hans, sent hither by, Nj. 94; inna e-t af hendi, to perform, 257; þó at alþýða væri skírð af kennimönnum, baptized of, Fms. ii. 158; meira virðr af mönnum, higher esteemed, Ld. 158; ástsæll af landsmönnum, beloved, íb. 16; vinsæll af mönnum, Nj. 102; í allgóðu yfirlæti af þeim feðgum, hospitably treated by them, Eg. 170; var þá nokkut drukkið af alþjóð, there was somewhat hard drinking of the people, Sturl. iii. 229; mun þat ekki upp tekið af þeim sükudólgum mínum, they will not clutch at that, Nj. 257; ef svá væri í hendr þér búit af mér, if í had so made everything ready to thy hands, Ld. 130; þá varð fárætt um af föður hans, his father said little about it, Fms. ii. 154.

2. it is now also sometimes used as a periphrase of a nom., e. g. ritað, þýtt af e-m, written, translated, edited by, but such phrases scarcely occur in old writers.

VI. denoting cause, ground, reason:

1. originating from, on account of, by reason of; af frændsemis sökum, for kinship’s sake, Grág. ii. 72; ómáli af áverkum, speechless from wounds, 27; af manna völdum, by violence, not by natural accident, of a crime, Nj. 76; af fortölum Halls, through his pleading, 255; af ástsæld hans ok af tölum þeirra Sæmundar, by his popularity and the eloquence of S., Íb. 16; af ráðum Haralds konungs, by his contriving, Landn. 157; úbygðr af frosti ok kulda, because of frost and cold, Hkr. i. 5.

β. adverbially, af því, therefore, Nj. 78; af hví, why? 686 B. 9; þá verðr bóndi heiðinn af barni sínu, viz. if he does not cause his child to be christened, K. Þ. K. 20.

2. denoting instrumentality, by means of; af sinu fé, by one’s own means, Grág. i. 293; framfæra e-n af verkum sinum, by means of one’s own labour, K. Þ. K. 142; draga saman auð af sökum, ok vælum ok kaupum, make money by, 623. I; af sínum kostnaði, at hi s own expense, Hkr. i. 217.

β. absol., hún fellir á mik dropa svá heita at ek brenn af öll, Ld. 328; hann fékk af hina mestu sæmd, derived great honotur from it, Nj. 88; elli sótti á hendr honum svá at hann lagðist í rekkju af, he grew bedridden from age, Ld. 54; komast undan af hlaupi, escape by running, Fms. viii. 58; spinna garn af rokki, spin off a wheel (now, spinna á rokk), from a notion of instrumentality, or because of the thread being spun out (?), Eb. 92.

3. denoting proceeding, originating from; lýsti af höndum hennar, her hands spread beams of light, Edda 22; allir heimar lýstust ( were illuminated) af henni, id.; en er lýsti af degi, when the day broke forth, Fms. ii. 16; lítt var lýst af degi, the day was just beginning to break, Ld. 46; þá tók at myrkja af nótt, the ‘mirk-time’ of night began to set in, Eg. 230; tók þá brátt at myrkva af nótt, the night grew dark, Hkr. ii. 230.

4. metaph., standa, leiða, hljótast af, to be caused by, result from; opt hlýtst íllt af kvenna hjali, great mischief is wrought by women’s gossip (a proverb), Gísl. 15, 98; at af þeim mundi mikit mein ok úhapp standa, be caused by, Edda 18; kenna kulda af ráðum e-s, to feel sore from, Eb. 42; þó mun her hljótast af margs manns bani, Nj, 90.

5. in adverbial phrases, denoting state of mind; af mikilli æði, in fury, Nj. 116; af móð, in great emotion, Fms. xi. 221; af áhyggju, with concern, i. 186; af létta, frankly, iii. 91; af viti, collectedly, Grág. ii. 27; af heilu, sincerely, Eg. 46; áf fári, in rage; af æðru, timidly, Nj. (in a verse); af setning, composedly, in tune, Fms. iii. 187; af mikilli frægð, gallantly, Fas. i. 261; af öllu afli, with all might, Grág. ii. 41; af riki, violently, Fbr. (in a verse); af trúnaði, confidently, Grág. i. 400.

VII. denoting regard to, of, concerning, in respect of, as regards:

1. with verbs, denoting to tell of, be informed, inquire about, Lat. de; Dioscorides segir af grasi því, speaks of, 655 xxx. 5; er menn spurðu af landinu, inquired about it, Landn. 30; halda njósn af e-u, Nj. 104; er þat skjótast þar af at segja, Eg. 546, Band. 8.

β. absol., hann mun spyrja, hvárt þér sé nokkut af kunnigt hversu for með okkr, whether you know anything about, how, Nj. 33; halda skóla af, to hold a school in a science, 656 A. i. 19 (sounds like a Latinism); en ek gerða þik sera mestan mann af öllu, in respect of all, that you should get all the honour of it, Nj. 78.

2. with adjectives such as mildr, illr, góðrafe-u, denoting disposition or character in respect to; alira manna mildastr af fo, very liberal, often-banded, Fms. vii. 197; mildr af gulli, i. 33; góðr af griðum, merciful, Al. 33; íllr af mat en mildr af gulli, Fms. i. 53; fastr af drykk, close, stingy in regard to, Sturl. ii. 125; gat þess Hildigunnr at þú mundir góðr af hestinum, that you would be good about the horse, Nj. 90, cp. auðigr at, v. at, which corresponds to the above phrases; cp. also the phrase af sér above, p. 4, col. I, ll. 50 sqq.

VIII. periphrasis of a genitive (rare); provincialis af öllum Predikaraklaustrum, Fms. x. 76; vera af hinum mesta fjandskap, to breathe deep hatred to, be on bad terms with, ix. 220; af hendi, af hálfu e-s, on one’s behalf, v. those words.

IX. in adverbial phrases; as, af launungu, secretly; af hljóði, silently; v. those words.

β. also used absolutely with a verb, almost adverbially, nearly in the signification off, away; hann bað þá róa af fjörðinn, pass the firth swiftly by rowing, row the firth off, Fms. ix. 502; var pá af farit þat seni skerjóttast var, was past, sailed past, Ld. 142; ok er þeir höfðu af fjórðung, past one fourth of the way, Dropl. 10: skína af, to clear up, of the skv, Eb. 152; hence in common language, skína af sér, when the sun breaks forth: sofa af nóttina, to sleep it away, Fms. ii. 98; leið af nóttin, the night past away, Nj. 53; dvelja af stundir, to kill the time, Band. 8; drepa af, to kill; láta af, to slaughter, kill off;

γ. in exclamations; af tjöldin, off with the awnings, Bs. i. 420, Fins, ix. 49.

δ. in the phrases, þar af, thence; hér af, hence, Fms. ii. 102; af fram, straight on, Nj. 144; now, á fram, on, advance.

X. it often refers to a whole sentence or to an adverb, not only like other prepp. to hér, hvar, þar, but also redundantly to hvaðan, héðan, þaðan, whence, hence, thence.

2. the preposition may sometimes be repeated, once elliptically or adverbially, and once properly, e. g. en er af var borit at borðinu, the cloth was taken off from the table, Nj. 176; Guð þerrir af (off, away) hvert tár af ( from) augum heilagra manna, God wipes off every tear from the eyes of his saints, 655 xx. vii. 17; skal þó fyrst bætr af lúka af fé vegaiula, pay off, from, Gþl. 160, the last af may be omitted—var þá af borið borðinu—and the prep. thus be separated from its case, or it may refer to some of the indecl. relatives er or sem, the prep. hvar, hér, þar being placed behind them without a case, and referring to the preceding relative, e. g. oss er þar mikit af sagt auð þeim, we have been told much about these riches, Band. 24; er þat skjótast þar af at segja, in short, shortly. Eg. 546; þaðan af veit ek, thence í infer, know, Fms. i. 97.

XI. it is moreover connected with a great many verbs besides those mentioned above, e. g. bera af, to excel, whence afbragð, afbrigði; draga af, to detract, deduct, hence afdráttr; veita ekki af, to be hard with; ganga at, to be left, hence afgangr; standast af um e-t, to stand, how matters stand; sem af tekr, at a furious rate; vita af, to be conscious, know about (vide VII).

D. As a prefix to compounds distinction is to be made between:

I. af privativum, denoting diminution, want, deduction, loss, separation, negation of, etc., answering indifferently to Lat. ab-, de-, ex-, dis-, and rarely to re- and se-, v. the following COMPDS, such as segja, dicere, but afsegja, negare; rækja, colere, but afrækja, negligere; aflaga, contra legem; skapligr, normalis, afskapligr, deformis; afvik, recessus; afhús, afhellir, afdalr, etc.

II. af intensivum, etymologically different, and akin to of, afr-, e. g. afdrykkja = ofdrykkja, inebrietas; afbrýði, jealously; afbendi, tenesmus; afglapi, vir fatuus, etc. etc. Both the privative and the intensive af may be contracted into á, esp. before a labial f, m, v, e. g. á fram = af fram; ábrýði = afbrýði; ávöxtr = afvöxtr; áburðr = afburðr; ávíta = afvíta (?). In some cases dubious. With extenuated and changed vowel; auvirðiligr or övirðiligr, depreciated, = afv- etc., v. those words.

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